ArticlePloS one2022
Evaluation of maxillary and mandibular growth patterns with cephalometric analysis based on cervical vertebral maturation: A Japanese cross-sectional study.
Article in PloS one, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Reliability of Biomechanical Mensuration Methods of the Sagittal Cervical Spine in Radiography Used in Clinical Practice: A Systematic Review of the Literature.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- CBCT Evaluation of the Mandibular Foramen According to Age, Sex, and Sagittal Skeletal Class in Growing Individuals.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Soft and hard tissue changes after compensatory treatment in skeletal class III malocclusion.PloS one · 2025Observational
- A New Method of Predicting Final Mandibular Length Based on the Morphology of Cervical Vertebrae.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Article
- Validation of Machine Learning Models for Craniofacial Growth Prediction.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Comparison of three-dimensional maxillary growth across spheno-occipital synchondrosis maturation stages.BMC oral health · 2023Article
- Comparison of spheno-occipital synchondrosis maturation stages with three-dimensional assessment of mandibular growth.BMC oral health · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAppropriate maxillofacial growth and development evaluation is important for effective orthodontic treatment. Growth evaluation is based on physiological age determined by individual development, but not chronological age. One strategy for determining physiological age is using the cervical vertebral bone age.
objectivesThis study aimed to clarify the standard size of the upper and lower jawbones in Japanese patients using the cervical vertebral maturation stages (CVMS) as an index and clarify the growth pattern. And to use the cervical spine age as a diagnostic aid in orthodontic treatment. MATERIAL AND
methodsRandom sampling was performed from the outpatients who visited the Orthodontics department, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Dental Hospital, and 400 patients were enrolled before treatment. Lateral cephalometric radiographs were obtained to measure the height and length of the mandible and the maxilla length with cephalometric analysis. Standard values were calculated for each cervical-spine-age group to analyze changes during mandibular and maxillary growth. Furthermore, we compared the differences between males and females. The Kruskal-Wallis test was used to compare cervical-spine-age groups, and the Steel-Dwass test was used for multiple comparisons. The reliability of CVMS was confirmed by calculating the weighted kappa coefficient (κ).
resultsκ for the degree of intra-evaluator agreement and the degree of the inter-evaluator agreement were calculated, and both indicated almost perfect agreement. We found that the distance between the anterior nasal spine (ANS) and posterior nasal spine (PNS) (i.e., ANS-PNS) increased significantly between CVMS II and CVMS III in males. The distance between Articulare (Ar) and Gonion (Go) (i.e., Ar-Go) and the distance between Go and Pogonion (Pog) (i.e., Go-Pog) increased significantly between CVMS III and CVMS IV in males.
conclusionThe findings suggested that CVMS is a reliable indicator of the growth stage of the maxilla and mandible.
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