ArticleJournal of the Chinese Medical Association : JCMA2022
Differential prognoses among male and female patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.
Article in Journal of the Chinese Medical Association : JCMA, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- Construction and validation of a SEER-based prognostic nomogram for young and middle-aged males patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology · 2023Trial
- Association of TERT promoter mutations with early recurrence in hepatocellular carcinoma: a subgroup analysis in a Vietnamese cohort.BMC cancer · 2026Article
- Comparison of patients with HCC with and without MASLD after surgical resection.JHEP reports : innovation in hepatology · 2026Article
- Gastrointestinal cancers in women: The role of sex hormones.Indian journal of gastroenterology : official journal of the Indian Society of Gastroenterology · 2026Review
- CATS-BIT-ME Score: A Machine Learning and Conventional Risk Model for Prognosis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.Gastro hep advances · 2026Article
- Protein induced by vitamin K absence or antagonist II as a prognostic marker in hepatocellular carcinoma patients with normal serum alpha-fetoprotein levels.Journal of the Chinese Medical Association : JCMA · 2025Article
- Correspondence to letter to the editor 2 on "Conventional and machine learning-based risk scores for patients with early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma".Clinical and molecular hepatology · 2025Article
- Conventional and machine learning-based risk scores for patients with early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma.Clinical and molecular hepatology · 2024Article
- The outcomes and prognostic factors of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and Child-Turcotte-Pugh class B.Journal of the Chinese Medical Association : JCMA · 2023Article
- Combining HAIC and Sorafenib as a Salvage Treatment for Patients with Treatment-Failed or Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Single-Center Experience.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- To do one and to get more: Part II. Diabetes and metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver diseases.Journal of the Chinese Medical Association : JCMA · 2022Review
- Mutational signatures representative transcriptomic perturbations in hepatocellular carcinoma.Frontiers in genetics · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is significantly higher in men than women. Nonetheless, the impact of sex disparities on HCC outcomes remains unclear. We aimed to compare the clinical manifestations and prognoses between male and female patients with HCC.
methodsThis retrospective study enrolled 5337 consecutive patients (3976 men, 1361 women) who were diagnosed with HCC from 2007 to 2020. The prognostic factors were identified by the Cox proportional hazards model.
resultsMale patients were younger upon HCC diagnosis (median age 64 vs 69 years; p < 0.001) with more favorable hepatic functional reserves (39.0% vs 35.1% albumin-bilirubin grade 1; p = 0.025) but had greater tumor burdens than the female patients. Furthermore, fewer male patients underwent curative therapies for HCC compared with the female patients (49.0% vs 57.0%; p < 0.001). After a median follow-up of 20.1 months (interquartile range, 5.8-47.3 months), 3133 patients died. The cumulative 5-year overall survival rates were 37.1% and 41.9% for male and female patients, respectively (p < 0.001). From the multivariate analysis, male sex was not an independent factor predictive of poor overall survival in all patients and in the subgroup analysis stratified by treatment modalities. When stratified by age, the female sex was an independent factor associated with lower mortality in younger (≤50 years) patients but not in older patients with HCC.
conclusionSex was not an independent predictor of the outcome of patients with HCC, especially for those aged more than 50 years.
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