Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35385354›Full record

ReviewProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2022

COVID-19 therapeutics: Challenges and directions for the future.

Philip C Robinson, David F L Liew, Helen L Tanner, John R Grainger, Raymond A Dwek, Ronald B Reisler, Lawrence Steinman, Marc Feldmann, Ling-Pei Ho, Tracy Hussell and 3 more

Open access · hybridAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 76 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
76citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
16.5field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

76 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 164 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
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  6. Review
  7. Sumac Polyphenols as Pan-Herpesvirus Inhibitors.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025
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16 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors at 8 institutions in 3 countries.

Philip C RobinsonFaculty of Medicine, University of Queensland School of Clinical Medicine, Herson, QLD 4006, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-3156-3418
David F L LiewDepartment of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia.ORCID 0000-0001-8451-8883
Helen L TannerFaculty of Medicine, University of Queensland School of Clinical Medicine, Herson, QLD 4006, Australia.
John R GraingerLydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom.ORCID 0000-0002-4052-5923
Raymond A DwekOxford Glycobiology Institute, Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 2JD, United Kingdom.ORCID 0000-0001-9989-2245
Ronald B ReislerMedical Division, Davis Defense Group, Stafford, VA 22554.ORCID 0000-0002-8353-1717
Lawrence SteinmanDepartment of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305.ORCID 0000-0002-2437-2250
Marc FeldmannKennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology, and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Botnar Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LD, United Kingdom.ORCID 0000-0003-0800-7840
Ling-Pei HoMedical Research Council Human Immunology Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LD, United Kingdom.ORCID 0000-0001-8319-301X
Tracy HussellLydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom.
Paul MossCollege of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom.ORCID 0000-0002-6895-1967
Duncan RichardsOxford Clinical Trials Research Unit, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology, and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Botnar Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LD, United Kingdom.
Nicole ZitzmannOxford Glycobiology Institute, Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 2JD, United Kingdom.ORCID 0000-0003-1969-4949
University of Oxford · GBNuffield Orthopaedic Centre · GBThe University of Queensland · AUUniversity of Manchester · GBStanford University · USThe University of Melbourne · AUUnited States Department of Defense · USUniversity of Birmingham · GB

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 triggering the COVID-19 pandemic ranks as arguably the greatest medical emergency of the last century. COVID-19 has highlighted health disparities both within and between countries and will leave a lasting impact on global society. Nonetheless, substantial investment in life sciences over recent decades has facilitated a rapid scientific response with innovations in viral characterization, testing, and sequencing. Perhaps most remarkably, this permitted the development of highly effective vaccines, which are being distributed globally at unprecedented speed. In contrast, drug treatments for the established disease have delivered limited benefits so far. Innovative and rapid approaches in the design and execution of large-scale clinical trials and repurposing of existing drugs have saved many lives; however, many more remain at risk. In this review we describe challenges and unmet needs, discuss existing therapeutics, and address future opportunities. Consideration is given to factors that have hindered drug development in order to support planning for the next pandemic challenge and to allow rapid and cost-effective development of new therapeutics with equitable delivery.

Indexed as

COVID-19 Drug TreatmentPandemicsCOVID-19 VaccinesDrug DevelopmentHumansSARS-CoV-2COVID-19 Vaccinesepidemiologyimmunologyvirology

Identifiers

PMID35385354
PMCPMC9169797
OpenAlexW4224057004

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.