ReviewCurrent hypertension reports2022
An Update on Refractory Hypertension.
Review in Current hypertension reports, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 47 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Correlation analysis of systemic immune inflammation index with the occurrence and clinical outcomes of hypertension: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Systematic Review Article: New Drug Strategies for Treating Resistant Hypertension-the Importance of a Mechanistic, Personalized Approach.High blood pressure & cardiovascular prevention : the official journal of the Italian Society of Hypertension · 2024Pooled it
- Impact of Obesity on Patients with Resistant and Refractory Arterial Hypertension: A Cross-Sectional Study.Arquivos brasileiros de cardiologia · 2026Article
- The Japanese Society of Hypertension Guidelines for the management of elevated blood pressure and hypertension 2025 (JSH2025).Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2026Article
- Trends in the prevalence of apparent treatment-resistant hypertension among U.S. adults, 1999-2018.American journal of preventive cardiology · 2025Article
- Resistant Hypertension Treated With Extravascular Renal Denervation.JACC. Case reports · 2025Article
- Multiple Signaling Axes (TNF-α/IL1β/IL8, TLR4/MYD88/NF-κB, and TGF-β1/ROS) Associated With Coronary Collateral Circulation of Coronary Chronic Total Occlusion in Geriatric Patients.Mediators of inflammation · 2025Article
- The Increasing Problem of Resistant Hypertension: We'll Manage till Help Comes!Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Prevalence, Clinical Characteristics, and Treatment of Patients with Resistant Hypertension: A Single-Center Study.Journal of cardiovascular development and disease · 2024Article
- How New Developments in Pharmacology Receptor Theory Are Changing (Our Understanding of) Hypertension Therapy.American journal of hypertension · 2024Review
- Association between systemic immunity-inflammation index and hypertension in US adults from NHANES 1999-2018.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Function of Presynaptic Inhibitory Cannabinoid CBInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- A Review of the Risk Factors and Management of Refractory Hypertension: The Role of Carotid Sinus Stimulation and Renal Nerve Denervation.Journal of community hospital internal medicine perspectives · 2024Review
- Article
- Current problems in renal denervation and a hope to break the stage.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2023Review
- Refractory hypertension and obstructive sleep apnea: a novel relationship.Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung · 2023Article
- Therapeutic Drug Monitoring in Arterial Hypertension.Journal of personalized medicine · 2023Article
- Gut microbiota in hypertensive patients with versus without obstructive sleep apnea.Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) · 2022Article
- The Entity of Connshing Syndrome: Primary Aldosteronism with Autonomous Cortisol Secretion.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purpose of reviewTo update on definition, diagnosis, prevalence, patient characteristics, pathophysiology, and treatment of refractory hypertension (RfHTN). RECENT
findingsRefractory hypertension (RfHTN) is defined as blood pressure (BP) that is uncontrolled despite using ≥ 5 antihypertensive medications of different classes, including a long-acting thiazide diuretic and a mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist (MRA) at maximal or maximally tolerated doses. This new phenotype is different from resistant hypertension (RHTN), defined as BP that is uncontrolled despite using ≥ 3 medications, commonly a long-acting calcium channel blocker (CCB), a blocker of the renin-angiotensin system (angiotensin-converting enzyme [ACE] inhibitor or angiotensin receptor blocker [ARB]), and a diuretic. The RHTN phenotype includes controlled RHTN, BP that is controlled on 4 or more medications. RfHTN is largely attributable to increased sympathetic activity, unlike RHTN, which is mainly due to increased intravascular fluid volume frequently caused by hyperaldosteronism and chronic excessive sodium ingestion. Compared to those with controlled RHTN, patients with RfHTN have a higher prevalence of target organ damage and do not have elevated aldosterone levels. Ongoing clinical trials are assessing the safety and efficacy of using devices to aid with BP control in patients with RfHTN. RfHTN is a separate entity from RHTN and is generally attributable to increased sympathetic activity.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.