ArticleEuropean journal of cancer care2022
Impact of the third national 'Be Clear on Cancer' Breast Cancer in Women over 70 Campaign on general practitioner attendance and referral, diagnosis rates and prevalence awareness.
Article in European journal of cancer care, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Awareness regarding breast cancer amongst women in Pakistan: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2024Pooled it
- Re-validation of the Cancer Research UK Cancer Awareness Measure 'plus' (CAM+): a study protocol.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Characteristics of interventions aimed at reducing inequalities along the cancer continuum: A scoping review.International journal of cancer · 2025Article
- Seeing red..? Co-design of a culturally tailored uterine cancer awareness intervention for Asian and Black ethnic minority groups.Gynecologic oncology reports · 2025Article
- Challenges in understanding inequities in help-seeking for possible cancer symptoms.BMC global and public health · 2024Review
- Age and sex can predict cancer risk in people referred with breast symptoms.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2023Article
- Impact of the third national 'Be Clear on Cancer' Breast Cancer in Women over 70 Campaign on general practitioner attendance and referral, diagnosis rates and prevalence awareness.European journal of cancer care · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveMore than a third of women diagnosed with breast cancer in England, and over half of those who die from it, are over 70. The Be Clear on Cancer Breast Cancer in Women over 70 Campaign, running three times, 2014-2018, aimed to promote early diagnosis of breast cancer in England by raising symptom awareness and encouraging women to see their general practitioner (GP) without delay. We sought to establish whether the third campaign had successfully met its aims.
methodsMetrics covering the patient pathway, including symptom awareness, attending a GP practice with symptoms, urgent GP referral, diagnosis and stage of cancer, were assessed using national cancer databases and two household surveys.
resultsThe third campaign was associated with an increase in urgent cancer referrals, and therefore mammograms and ultrasounds performed. This was associated with an increase in breast cancers diagnosed. There was a delayed effect on GP attendances. Awareness of breast cancer prevalence for the 70-and-over age group improved. Impact on these metrics diminished across successive campaigns.
conclusionsFuture campaigns should focus on harder-to-reach women and include GPs as targets as this campaign showed a potential to affect referral behaviour.
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