ReviewJournal for immunotherapy of cancer2022
Selective estrogen receptor modulators contribute to prostate cancer treatment by regulating the tumor immune microenvironment.
Review in Journal for immunotherapy of cancer, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Targeting regulatory T cells in the prostate cancer microenvironment: From mechanisms to therapeutics (Review).Molecular medicine reports · 2026Review
- Molecular mechanisms and clinical impacts of sex differences in urologic cancers.Discover oncology · 2026Review
- HSD17B7 Counters Bone Loss in Estrogen Deficiency via Estrogen Receptor Stabilization and Mediates the Effect of Raloxifene.MedComm · 2026Article
- Rethinking estrogen receptor β in EAOC: a synergistic modulator in a genomically informed landscape.Journal of ovarian research · 2026Review
- Bibliometric Insights into Aging and Immune Function in Prostate Cancer: Focus on Chronic Inflammation.Journal of inflammation research · 2026Review
- The Role of Estrogen Signaling Pathway and Targeted Therapy Exploration in Urological Tumors.International journal of biological sciences · 2026Review
- Potential role of DKK3 and WIF1 in prostate cancer: bioinformatics and clinical analysis.Discover oncology · 2025Article
- Mechanisms and Therapeutic Strategies to Overcome Enzalutamide Resistance in Advanced Prostate Cancer.Serican journal of medicine · 2025Article
- Sex bias in tumor immunity: insights from immune cells.Theranostics · 2025Review
- Sex hormones and immune regulation in ovarian cancer.Discover oncology · 2024Review
- Construction, validation, and visualization of a web-based nomogram to predict survival in male breast cancer patients with second primary prostate cancer.Gland surgery · 2024Article
- Silencing SPP1 in M2 macrophages inhibits the progression of castration-resistant prostate cancer via the MMP9/TGFβ1 axis.Translational andrology and urology · 2024Article
- Glyphosate Exposure Induces Cytotoxicity, Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Activation of ERα and ERβ Estrogen Receptors in Human Prostate PNT1A Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Insights and implications of sexual dimorphism in osteoporosis.Bone research · 2024Review
- Investigation of the potential effects of estrogen receptor modulators on immune checkpoint molecules.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Review
- Single-cell omics traces the heterogeneity of prostate cancer cells and the tumor microenvironment.Cellular & molecular biology letters · 2023Review
- The Role of ERα and ERβ in Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer and Current Therapeutic Approaches.Biomedicines · 2023Review
- Development of Highly Efficient Estrogen Receptor β-Targeted Near-Infrared Fluorescence Probes Triggered by Endogenous Hydrogen Peroxide for Diagnostic Imaging of Prostate Cancer.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Mechanisms of Prostate Cancer Cells Survival and Their Therapeutic Targeting.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PC) has previously been established as a cold tumor and develops in an inert immunosuppressive environment. Current research focuses on altering the immune microenvironment of PC from cold to hot; thus, in the present review, the diverse roles of estrogen and estrogen receptor (ER) signaling was examined in the tumor cell and tumor immune microenvironment (TIM). We hypothesized that ERα promotes PC progression and ERβ impedes epithelial-mesenchymal transition in PC cells, while in the TIM, ERβ mediates the immunosuppressive environment, and low levels of ERα is associated with disease development. Selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) or selective ER degraders play diverse roles in the regulation of ER isoforms. Patients with PC may benefit from the use of SERMs, including raloxifene, in combination with anti-PD1/PD-L1 checkpoint immunotherapy, or TGF-β or Wnt antagonists. The present review demonstrated that immunotherapy-based strategies combined with SERMs may be an option for the future of PC-targeting therapy.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.