ArticleBMC infectious diseases2022
The epidemiology of bloodstream infection contributing to mortality: the difference between community-acquired, healthcare-associated, and hospital-acquired infections.
Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- Antibiotic treatment for 7 days versus 14 days in patients with uncomplicated bloodstream infections: a Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials and trial sequential analysis.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Geographical mapping and temporal trends of Acinetobacter baumannii carbapenem resistance: A comprehensive meta-analysis.PloS one · 2024Pooled it
- The burden of antimicrobial resistance in Iraq: an analysis from 2021.IJID regions · 2026Article
- A review of bloodstream infections-pathogens, pathogenesis, diagnostic strategies, treatment methods-challenges and future aspects.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2026Review
- Emergence, evolution, and global dissemination of antimicrobial resistance: A One Health review.Archives of microbiology · 2026Review
- Comparative analysis of the detection capabilities of BacT/ALERT and BACTEC blood culture systems for simulated and clinical bacteremia specimens.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Susceptibility Trends of Enterobacterales Isolated from Blood Culture Samples: A Four-Year Analysis with the Rise of Carbapenem Resistance.Infectious diseases & clinical microbiology · 2026Article
- Bacterial distribution and disease burden analysis in hospital-acquired bloodstream infections according to Diagnosis-Related Groups (DRGs) data.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Epidemiology of Carbapenem-ResistantJournal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- MALDI-TOF MS, following separation gel coagulation tubes and short-term solid phase culture effectively detects pathogenic microbes from positive blood cultures.Open medicine (Warsaw, Poland) · 2026Article
- Drug-related problems and their predictors in pediatric community-acquired infections: the role of pharmacist-led interventions in Pakistan.Journal of pharmacy & pharmaceutical sciences : a publication of the Canadian Society for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Societe canadienne des sciences pharmaceutiques · 2026Article
- Diagnostic utility of procalcitonin in determining Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacterial bloodstream infections: a single-centre study from South India.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Real-life evaluation of BioFire® BCID2 and Vitek® REVEALTM for Gram-negative bloodstream infections in critical care.PloS one · 2026Article
- Bloodstream infections in Cameroon: a systematic review and meta-analysis.New microbes and new infections · 2025Review
- Mechanisms and Evolution of Antimicrobial Resistance in Ophthalmology: Surveillance, Clinical Implications, and Future Therapies.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Empiric and targeted antibiotic therapy for bloodstream infections in internal medicine patients in Poland: a three-year analysis in a single centre using the AWaRe classification.Pharmacological reports : PR · 2025Article
- Outcome of Bloodstream Infections Caused by Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria: A 7-Year Retrospective Study at the University Hospital of Palermo, Italy.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Impact of COVID-19 on Antimicrobial Stewardship Activities in Hospitalised Children: A Scoping Review.Journal of paediatrics and child health · 2025Article
- Clinical outcomes and the impact of treatment modalities in children with carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae bloodstream infections: a retrospective cohort study from a tertiary university hospital.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2025Article
- Influence of COVID-19 pandemic on the distribution and drug resistance of pathogens in patients with bloodstream infection.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe epidemiology of bloodstream infection (BSI) is well-established; however, little is known about the contribution of different pathogens to mortality. To understand true burden of BSI, pathogens contributing to mortality were investigated and compared according to where the BSI was acquired.
methodsData from deceased patients in two teaching hospitals in the Republic of Korea were collected. BSI contributing mortality was defined as BSI within 2-weeks before death. Cases were grouped by acquisition sites: community-acquired (CA)-, healthcare-associated (HCA)-, and hospital-acquired (HA)-BSI. Drug resistance, BSI focus, and appropriateness of empirical antimicrobial therapy were also compared.
resultsAmong 1849 deceased patients in the hospitals, 280 (15.1%) patients experienced BSI within 2-weeks before death. In all, 71, 53, and 156 patients in the CA-, HCA-, and HA-BSI groups, respectively, with 316 total isolated pathogens were analyzed. The three most common pathogens were Klebsiella pneumoniae (17.1%), Escherichia coli (16.4%), and Staphylococcus aureus (11.4%). While K. pneumoniae and E. coli were the most common pathogens in CA- and HCA-BSI, Acinetobacter baumannii and Candida species were in HA-BSI. 26.3% (41/156) of patients experienced breakthrough HCA-BSI during administration of carbapenem and/or vancomycin. The proportion of central venous catheter-related infection (0%, 3.4% and 28.3%), carbapenem resistant-Gram negative bacilli (0%, 6.9% and 21.9%), and inappropriate empirical antimicrobial therapy (21.1%, 37.7% and 51.9%; all P < 0.001) were more frequently observed in HA-BSI.
conclusionThe epidemiology of BSI related to mortality had unique characteristics according to the acquisition site. Given the epidemiology of HA-BSI, infection control and antibiotics stewardship programs should be emphasized.
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