ArticleMultiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England)2022
Long-term efficacy and safety of siponimod in patients with secondary progressive multiple sclerosis: Analysis of EXPAND core and extension data up to >5 years.
Article in Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01665144 (A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-blind, Parallel-group, Placebo-controlled Variable Treatment Duration Study Evaluating the Efficacy and Safety of Siponimod), which is not on this map. Cited by 27 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-blind, Parallel-group, Placebo-controlled Variable Treatment Duration Study Evaluating the Efficacy and Safety of Siponimod (BAF312) in Patients With Secondary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis Followed by Extended Treatment With Open-label BAF312.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 45 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy and safety of disease-modifying oral drugs in treatment of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: systematic review and network meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- Progression to Wheelchair in Secondary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis and Impact of Siponimod: Post Hoc Analyses From the EXPAND Study.European journal of neurology · 2026Trial
- Fungal Infections Associated with Sphingosine 1-Phosphate Receptor Modulators: Immunological Mechanisms, Clinical Patterns, and Management Considerations.Microorganisms · 2026Review
- Challenges and Innovation for Diagnosing and Treatment of Secondary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Bridging Inflammation and Neurodegeneration in Multiple Sclerosis: Mechanisms and Emerging Therapies.Cureus · 2026Review
- Effectiveness of Siponimod with Up to 2 Years of Treatment in a Real-World Setting in People with SPMS: Analysis from the Novartis Global Managed Access Program.Degenerative neurological and neuromuscular disease · 2026Article
- Real-world siponimod use in secondary progressive multiple sclerosis: the RESYZE study.Therapeutic advances in neurological disorders · 2026Article
- Self-reported quality of life related to cognitive function and fatigue in adults with multiple sclerosis.Multiple sclerosis and related disorders · 2025Article
- A real-world retrospective study to assess the effectiveness and safety profile of siponimod in Chinese patients with relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis.BMC neurology · 2025Article
- New Horizons for Multiple Sclerosis Therapy: 2025 and Beyond.Annals of neurology · 2025Review
- Choosing initial MS therapy; personal, disease, and medication factors.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2025Review
- A national cross-sectional study of the role of clinician specialty and facility complexity on glucocorticoid prescribing in Veterans.Communications medicine · 2025Article
- MS treatment de-escalation: review and commentary.Journal of neurology · 2024Review
- Exploring the molecular targets of fingolimod and siponimod for treating the impaired cognition of schizophrenia using network pharmacology and molecular docking.Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2024Article
- Sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor modulators in multiple sclerosis treatment: A practical review.Annals of clinical and translational neurology · 2024Review
- Impact of Disease Modifying Therapy on MS-Related Fatigue: A Narrative Review.Brain sciences · 2023Review
- S1P/S1PR signaling pathway advancements in autoimmune diseases.Biomolecules & biomedicine · 2023Review
- Macular edema after siponimod treatment for multiple sclerosis: a case report and literature review.BMC neurology · 2023Review
- Current Status of Oral Disease-Modifying Treatment Effects on Cognitive Outcomes in Multiple Sclerosis: A Scoping Review.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Molecular and neuroimmune pharmacology of S1P receptor modulators and other disease-modifying therapies for multiple sclerosis.Pharmacology & therapeutics · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
14 authors at 10 institutions in 6 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundSiponimod significantly reduced the risk of confirmed disability progression (CDP), worsening in cognitive processing speed (CPS), relapses, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measures of brain atrophy and inflammation versus placebo in secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS) patients in the Phase 3 EXPAND study.
objectiveThe aim of this study was to assess long-term efficacy and safety of siponimod 2 mg/day from the EXPAND study including the extension part, up to > 5 years.
methodsIn the open-label extension part, participants receiving placebo during the core part were switched to siponimod (placebo-siponimod group) and those on siponimod continued the same treatment (continuous siponimod group).
resultsContinuous siponimod reduced the risk of 6-month CDP by 22% (hazard ratio (HR) (95% confidence interval (CI)): 0.78 (0.66-0.92)
conclusionThe sustained efficacy and consistent long-term safety profile of siponimod up to > 5 years support its clinical utility for long-term treatment of SPMS. Benefits in the continuous siponimod versus placebo-siponimod group highlight the significance of earlier treatment initiation. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT01665144.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.