ArticleJournal of breast cancer2022
The Association of Obstructive Sleep Apnea With Breast Cancer Incidence and Mortality: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
Article in Journal of breast cancer, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Awake speech recordings for machine learning diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea: a Bayesian meta-analysis.Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Risk factors for breast cancer: an umbrella review of observational cohort studies and causal relationship analysis.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Pooled it
- Artificial intelligence facial recognition of obstructive sleep apnea: a Bayesian meta-analysis.Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung · 2024Pooled it
- Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Colorectal Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of gastrointestinal cancer · 2023Pooled it
- TGF‑β1 in obstructive sleep apnea: linking intermittent hypoxia, upper‑airway remodeling, and systemic comorbidities.Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung · 2026Review
- Association of obstructive sleep apnea with postoperative outcomes after breast reconstruction.BMC women's health · 2026Article
- Cancer and obstructive sleep apnea.Chinese medical journal · 2025Article
- Subtype-specific causal effects of hypothyroidism on obstructive sleep apnea: A bidirectional Mendelian randomization study.Medicine · 2025Article
- A narrative review of sleep and breast cancer: from epidemiology to mechanisms.Cancer causes & control : CCC · 2025Review
- Sleep and Cancer.Cancers · 2025Review
- Risk of Biliary Tract and Pancreatic Cancer Following Obstructive Sleep Apnea Diagnosis: Analysis of a National Health Insurance Database.Journal of rhinology : official journal of the Korean Rhinologic Society · 2025Article
- Exploring the association between sleep duration and cancer risk in middle-aged and older Chinese adults: observations from a representative cohort study (2011-2020).BMC public health · 2024Article
- Prospective analysis of sleep characteristics, chronotype, and risk of breast cancer in the california teachers study.Cancer causes & control : CCC · 2024Article
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- Testicular Cancer Incidence among Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) Patients: South Korean National Health Insurance Data.Cancers · 2023Article
- Obstructive sleep apnea and the incidence and mortality of gastrointestinal cancers: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 5,120,837 participants.Journal of gastrointestinal oncology · 2022Article
- Leveraging genetic discoveries for sleep to determine causal relationships with common complex traits.Sleep · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeEmerging evidence from animal models suggests that intermittent hypoxia due to obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a risk factor for breast cancer. Despite their biological plausibility, human epidemiological studies have reported conflicting results. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis to delineate this relationship.
methodsWe searched the PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Cochrane Library databases for eligible studies from inception until June 6, 2021. Two reviewers selected randomized trials or observational studies reporting the association between OSA and breast cancer incidence compared with those without OSA. Two reviewers extracted relevant data and assessed the quality of evidence using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) framework and Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). We pooled the maximally covariate-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) using a random-effects inverse variance-weighted meta-analysis and performed pre-specified subgroup analyses.
resultsWe included six studies out of 1,707 records, comprising a combined cohort of 5,165,200 patients. All studies used the International Classification of Diseases codes to classify OSA and breast cancer. OSA patients had a 36% increased breast cancer risk (HR, 1.36; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.03-1.80; N = 6, I² = 96%) compared to those without OSA. Most studies adjusted for confounders, such as age, sex, obesity, diabetes mellitus, alcohol use, and hypertension. Subgroup analyses for studies with (1) multivariate adjustment and (2) at least five years of follow-up yielded HRs of 1.35 (95% CI, 0.98-1.87; N = 5, I² = 96%) and 1.57 (95% CI, 1.14-2.18; N = 4; I² = 90%), respectively. One Mendelian randomization study suggested a causal relationship, with a two-fold increase in the odds of breast cancer in patients with OSA.
conclusionThis meta-analysis suggested that OSA is a risk factor for breast cancer. Future studies should explore the dose-response relationship between OSA and breast cancer, and whether treatment may mitigate breast cancer risk or progression.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.