ArticleBMC musculoskeletal disorders2022
The effect of BMI on long-term outcomes after operatively treated ankle fractures: a study with up to 16 years of follow-up.
Article in BMC musculoskeletal disorders, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- [Long-term outcomes after ankle fracture-Where do we stand?]Unfallchirurgie (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- Fear of reinjury is associated with failure to return to preinjury level of activity after operative repair of ankle fractures.OTA international : the open access journal of orthopaedic trauma · 2026Article
- The Diagnosis, Treatment, and Aftercare of Ankle Fractures.Deutsches Arzteblatt international · 2026Review
- Weber Classification Does Not Correlate with PROMIS Outcome Measures.Foot & ankle orthopaedics · 2026Article
- Development and incremental value assessment of a risk prediction model for post-traumatic osteoarthritis following ankle fracture surgery: a prospective study.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2026Article
- Effect of early weight bearing on rehabilitation in ankle fractures with syndesmotic injuries.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Body Mass Index and Outcomes After Pilon Fracture Fixation: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Foot & ankle orthopaedics · 2025Article
- Factors associated with decline in ambulatory ability following intramedullary nailing of 42A-C diaphyseal tibia fractures.Journal of clinical orthopaedics and trauma · 2025Article
- Body mass index correlates with pain, functional recovery and complications in anterior talofibular ligament arthroscopic surgery.American journal of translational research · 2025Article
- Osteosynthesis with anatomic reduction after malleolar fractures improves ten years outcome: a single center trial.European journal of orthopaedic surgery & traumatology : orthopedie traumatologie · 2024Article
- Comparing immediate and delayed weight bearing in patients with ankle open reduction internal fixation-A protocol for feasibility randomised controlled trial.Contemporary clinical trials communications · 2024Article
- Association between BMI and osteoporotic fractures at different sites in Chinese women: a case-control retrospective study in Changsha.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2024Article
- Risk Factors Associated With Poor Outcomes After Quadriceps Tendon Repair.Orthopaedic journal of sports medicine · 2024Article
- Factors and Radiographic Findings Influencing Patient-Reported Outcomes Following Maisonneuve Fractures.Cureus · 2023Article
- Does the type of anesthesia (regional vs. general) represent an independent predictor for in-hospital complications in operatively treated malleolar fractures? A retrospective analysis of 5262 patients.European journal of trauma and emergency surgery : official publication of the European Trauma Society · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAnkle fractures are a common injury and the main cause of post-traumatic ankle arthritis. The prevalence of obesity is increasing worldwide, and this population is known to have poorer short and midterm outcomes after ankle fractures. Our objective is to assess long-term patient-reported outcomes in patients with operatively treated ankle fractures, and the effect of BMI on these results using the new and validated patient-reported outcome questionnaire, the Manchester Oxford foot and ankle questionnaire (MOXFQ).
methodsWe performed a retrospective review of all ankle fractures treated operatively in a ten-year period from 2002-2012. The MOXFQ and SF-12 were sent to all patients and were obtained, on average, 11.1 years after surgery (range 5.3-16.2 years).
resultsTwo thousand fifty-five ankle fractures were reviewed, of which 478 (34%) patients completed the questionnaires. The mean age was 48.1 ± 15.5 years, 52% were men and the mean BMI was 26.1 ± 4.5 kg/m2. Of the 478, 47% were of normal weight, 36% were overweight, and 17% were obese. Overall, 2.1% were type A, 69.9% B, and 24.9% type C fractures. There were no significant differences in the type of fracture between the BMI groups. Comparing obese and non-obese patients, there were large differences in MOXFQ pain (33 ± 29 vs. 18.7 ± 22.1, effect size 0.55), and function scores (27.3 ± 29 vs. 12.5 ± 21.1, effect size 0.58). No differences in complications and reoperations rates were observed. The BMI value at surgery correlated more strongly with the MOXFQ pain score than the BMI at follow-up (Spearman's Rho 0.283 vs. 0.185, respectively).
conclusionThese findings reveal that obese patients have significant worse long-term outcomes, namely increased pain, poorer function, and greater impairment in everyday life after an operatively treated ankle fracture. Moreover, pain and function linearly declined with increasing BMI. Our findings appear to indicate that increased BMI at surgery is an important contributor to adverse outcome in the operative management of rotational ankle fractures. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: III.
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