ArticleMicrobiology spectrum2022
E-Cigarette Aerosol Exposure Favors the Growth and Colonization of Oral Streptococcus mutans Compared to Commensal Streptococci.
Article in Microbiology spectrum, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 62 citations in OpenAlex.
- The effects of electronic smoking on dental caries and proinflammatory markers: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in oral health · 2025Pooled it
- Preliminary species-dependent growth responses of selected oral bacteria to e-cigarette Liquids and aerosol extracts: a single-species in vitro study.BMC oral health · 2026Article
- Risk Modulation by Electronic Cigarette Consumption in Cardiovascular Disease and Its Relevance in Cardiac Surgery-A Narrative Review.Journal of cardiovascular development and disease · 2026Review
- Influence of heat-non-burn tobacco aerosol on the microbiome of biofilm from human whole saliva bacteria in vitro.Clinical oral investigations · 2026Article
- Influence of E-Liquids and Oral Commensal Bacteria on the Growth ofDentistry journal · 2026Article
- Comparative FT-IR Spectroscopy Salivary Profiles of University Students: E‑Cigarette Users vs Nonusers.ACS omega · 2026Article
- Smoking-induced microbial dysbiosis: a key driver of systemic diseases and emerging therapeutic opportunities.Cell death discovery · 2025Review
- Viable, Multi-Drug-Resistant Bacteria Recovered from E-Liquids Used with Commercial Electronic Cigarettes.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- Environmental Determinants of Early Childhood Caries: A Narrative Synthesis of Observational Evidence and Implications for Global Policy.Dentistry journal · 2025Article
- In Vitro Exposure to Vaped Tetrahydrocannabinol IncreasesMicroorganisms · 2025Article
- Toxic cultures: e-cigarettes and the oral microbial exposome.NPJ biofilms and microbiomes · 2025Article
- E-Cigarette effects on oral health: A molecular perspective.Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association · 2025Review
- The effect ofJournal of oral microbiology · 2025Article
- E-Cigarette Use, Cigarette Smoking, and Sex Are Associated With Nasal Microbiome Dysbiosis.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2024Article
- The Impact of E-Cigarettes on Oral Health-A Narrative Review.Dentistry journal · 2024Review
- Oral health impacts of vaping.Australian prescriber · 2024Article
- The Effect of New Trend Electronic Cigarettes on Dental Caries in Relation to Glucosyltransferase B and Secretory Immunoglobulin A (A Case-control Study).Cell biochemistry and biophysics · 2024Article
- The Effects of Nicotine Pouches and E-Cigarettes on Oral Microbes: A Pilot Study.Microorganisms · 2024Article
- Effects of E-Liquids and Their Aerosols on Biofilm Formation and Growth of Oral Commensal Streptococcal Communities: Effect of Cinnamon and Menthol Flavors.Dentistry journal · 2024Article
- Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
E-cigarettes (e-cigs) have drastically increased in popularity during the last decade, especially among teenagers. While recent studies have started to explore the effect of e-cigs in the oral cavity, little is known about their effects on the oral microbiota and how they could affect oral health and potentially lead to disease, including periodontitis and head and neck cancers. To explore the impact of e-cigs on oral bacteria, we selected members of the genus Streptococcus, which are abundant in the oral cavity. We exposed the commensals Streptococcus sanguinis and Streptococcus gordonii and the opportunistic pathogen Streptococcus mutans, best known for causing dental caries, to e-liquids and e-cig aerosols with and without nicotine and with and without menthol flavoring and measured changes in growth patterns and biofilm formation. Our results demonstrate that e-cig aerosols hindered the growth of S. sanguinis and S. gordonii, while they did not affect the growth of S. mutans. We also show that e-cig aerosols significantly increased biofilm formation by S. mutans but did not affect the biofilm formation of the two commensals. We found that S. mutans exhibits higher hydrophobicity and coaggregation abilities along with higher attachment to OKF6 cells than S. sanguinis and S. gordonii. Therefore, our data suggest that e-cig aerosols have the potential to dysregulate oral bacterial homeostasis by suppressing the growth of commensals while enhancing the biofilm formation of the opportunistic pathogen S. mutans. This study highlights the importance of understanding the consequences of e-cig aerosol exposure on selected commensals and pathogenic species. Future studies modeling more complex communities will provide more insight into how e-cig aerosols and vaping affect the oral microbiota.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.