Observational studyOsteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA2022
Effect of follow-up raloxifene therapy after denosumab discontinuation in postmenopausal women.
Observational study in Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- The comparison of alendronate and raloxifene after denosumab (CARD) study: A comparative efficacy trial.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2024Trial
- Denosumab-efficacy, safety, persistence and sequential strategies-a systematic review.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2026Review
- Follow-on osteoporosis therapy after denosumab discontinuation among Medicare beneficiaries.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2026Article
- Mechanisms and management strategies for exacerbated bone loss following denosumab discontinuation.Frontiers in aging · 2026Review
- Effects of bisphosphonates after denosumab discontinuation and treatment effect heterogeneity using causal machine learning.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Article
- Effects of Sequential Anti-Resorptive Agents on Bone Mineral Density Following Denosumab Withdrawal: A Multicenter Real-World Study in Korea (MAXCARE Study).Endocrinology and metabolism (Seoul, Korea) · 2025Article
- Denosumab discontinuation in the clinic: implications of rebound bone turnover and emerging strategies to prevent bone loss and fractures.Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research · 2025Review
- Position Statement: Postmenopausal Osteoporosis Treatment Strategies in Korea.Journal of bone metabolism · 2023Article
- Similarities and Differences in the Management of Patients with Osteoporotic Vertebral Fractures and Those with Rebound-Associated Vertebral Fractures Following Discontinuation of Denosumab.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Review
- Long-term and sequential treatment for osteoporosis.Nature reviews. Endocrinology · 2023Review
- Review
- Denosumab Discontinuation.Current osteoporosis reports · 2023Review
- The SARS-CoV-2 main protease (MMedComm · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Follow-up raloxifene therapy after denosumab discontinuation resulted in a decrease in bone mass to the pre-denosumab levels and a rebound increase of bone turnover markers. The decrease in lumbar bone mineral density was particularly evident when the body mass index was low, there were previous vertebral fractures, or lumbar bone mineral density before denosumab administration was low.
introductionSelective estrogen receptor modulators may be an alternative to bisphosphonates for treating rebound resorption after discontinuing denosumab. This study aimed to investigate the effects of follow-up raloxifene therapy after denosumab discontinuation in postmenopausal women.
methodsThis retrospective observational study included 61 patients who received 12-month follow-up raloxifene therapy after denosumab discontinuation. The primary endpoint was the bone mineral density change. The secondary endpoints were the changes in bone turnover markers and the incidence of new vertebral fractures.
resultsRaloxifene administration for 12 months after denosumab discontinuation resulted in a significantly lower bone mineral density at all sites compared to the level at 6 months after the last denosumab treatment (lumbar spine, - 5.48%; femoral neck, - 2.95%; total hip, - 3.52%; all, p < 0.001). The decrease in lumbar bone mineral density was particularly evident when the body mass index was low, there were previous vertebral fractures, or lumbar bone mineral density before denosumab administration was low. Marked increases in the bone turnover markers from baseline were noted after switching to raloxifene. However, no new vertebral fractures occurred during raloxifene treatment.
conclusionsFollow-up raloxifene therapy after denosumab discontinuation resulted in a decrease in bone mass to the pre-denosumab levels and a rebound increase of bone turnover markers. Therefore, raloxifene administered sequentially after denosumab discontinuation was not effective in preventing rebound phenomenon.
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Registered trials
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