Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35373837›Full record

ArticleSleep2022

The past, present, and future of sleep measurement in mild cognitive impairment and early dementia-towards a core outcome set: a scoping review.

Jonathan Blackman, Hamish Duncan Morrison, Katherine Lloyd, Amy Gimson, Luke Vikram Banerjee, Sebastian Green, Rebecca Cousins, Sarah Rudd, Sam Harding, Elizabeth Coulthard

Open access · hybridAbstract readScoping Review
In one paragraph

Article in Sleep, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
15citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
9.9field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 26 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. A gradual and sustainable approach to diagnosing sleep and circadian disturbances in dementia.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026
    Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Reporting of Accelerometry in Health Research: A Scoping Review of Current Guidance.Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports · 2025
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Sleep trajectories across three cognitive-aging pathways in community older adults.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025
    Article
  9. Sleep efficiency in community-dwelling persons living with dementia: exploratory analysis using machine learning.Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine · 2025
    Observational
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Jonathan BlackmanBristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-9579-9860
Hamish Duncan MorrisonBristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
Katherine LloydBristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
Amy GimsonBristol Brain Centre, North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, UK.
Luke Vikram BanerjeeBristol Brain Centre, North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-4130-3249
Sebastian GreenBristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
Rebecca CousinsBristol Brain Centre, North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, UK.
Sarah RuddLibrary and Knowledge Service, North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, UK.
Sam HardingResearch and Innovation, North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-5870-2094
Elizabeth CoulthardBristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-0017-9595
North Bristol NHS Trust · GB

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

STUDY

objectivesSleep abnormalities emerge early in dementia and may accelerate cognitive decline. Their accurate characterization may facilitate earlier clinical identification of dementia and allow for assessment of sleep intervention efficacy. This scoping review determines how sleep is currently measured and reported in Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and early dementia, as a basis for future core outcome alignment.

methodsThis review follows the PRISMA Guidelines for Scoping Reviews. CINAHL, Embase, Medline, Psychinfo, and British Nursing Index databases were searched from inception-March 12, 2021. Included studies had participants diagnosed with MCI and early dementia and reported on sleep as a key objective/ outcome measure.

resultsNineteen thousand five hundred and ninety-six titles were returned following duplicate removal with 188 studies [N] included in final analysis. Sleep data was reported on 17 139 unique, diagnostically diverse participants (n). "Unspecified MCI" was the most common diagnosis amongst patients with MCI (n = 5003, 60.6%). Despite technological advances, sleep was measured most commonly by validated questionnaires (n = 12 586, N = 131). Fewer participants underwent polysomnography (PSG) (n = 3492, N = 88) and actigraphy (n = 3359, N = 38) with little adoption of non-PSG electroencephalograms (EEG) (n = 74, N = 3). Sleep outcome parameters were reported heterogeneously. 62/165 (37.6%) were described only once in the literature (33/60 (60%) in interventional studies). There was underrepresentation of circadian (n = 725, N = 25) and micro-architectural (n = 360, N = 12) sleep parameters.

conclusionsAlongside under-researched areas, there is a need for more detailed diagnostic characterization. Due to outcome heterogeneity, we advocate for international consensus on core sleep outcome parameters to support causal inference and comparison of therapeutic sleep interventions.

Indexed as

Alzheimer DiseaseCognitive DysfunctionDisease ProgressionHumansOutcome Assessment, Health CarePolysomnographySensitivity and SpecificitySleepADAlzheimer’s diseaseMCImild cognitive impairmentsleep

Identifiers

PMID35373837
PMCPMC9272273
OpenAlexW4226146051

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.