ArticleFrontiers in public health2022
Influence of E-Liquid Humectants, Nicotine, and Flavorings on Aerosol Particle Size Distribution and Implications for Modeling Respiratory Deposition.
Article in Frontiers in public health, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 40 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of E-Liquid Formulations on Nicotine Vapor Pressure and Implications for Nicotine Delivery and Toxicity.Toxics · 2026Article
- A New Aerosol Respiratory Deposition Approach: Health Risks of Metals in Aerosols from Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems and Heated Tobacco Products.Journal of aerosol science · 2026Article
- Cytotoxic and oxidative effects of commercially available propylene glycol (PG) and vegetable glycerin (VG): Common humectants in electronic cigarettes.Toxicology reports · 2025Article
- Toxicity of humectants propylene glycol and vegetable glycerin in electronic nicotine delivery systems.Toxicology letters · 2025Review
- Chemical Constituents and Particle Size Distribution of Mainstream Emission From Electronic Waterpipe.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2025Article
- A comparative toxicological evaluation of emerging nicotine analogs 6-methyl nicotine and nicotinamide: a scoping review.Archives of toxicology · 2025Article
- Physical and Chemical Characterization of Aerosols Produced from Commercial Nicotine Salt-Based E-Liquids.Chemical research in toxicology · 2025Article
- A multi-market comparison of composition, formulation, and label content of CBD e-liquids.iScience · 2024Article
- A Review of the Toxicity of Ingredients in e-Cigarettes, Including Those Ingredients Having the FDA's "Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS)" Regulatory Status for Use in Food.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2024Review
- Multidisciplinary approaches in electronic nicotine delivery systems pulmonary toxicology: emergence of living and non-living bioinspired engineered systems.Communications engineering · 2024Review
- Physical and Chemical Characterization of Aerosols Produced from Experimentally Designed Nicotine Salt-Based E-Liquids.Chemical research in toxicology · 2024Article
- Nicotine flux and pharmacokinetics-based considerations for early assessment of nicotine delivery systems.Drug and alcohol dependence reports · 2024Article
- Effects of electronic cigarette E-liquid and device wattage on vascular function.Toxicology and applied pharmacology · 2023Article
- Effects of Device Settings and E-Liquid Characteristics on Mouth-Throat Losses of Nicotine Delivered with Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems (ENDS).Journal of aerosol science · 2023Article
- High-CBD Cannabis Vapor Attenuates Opioid Reward and Partially Modulates Nociception in Female Rats.Addiction neuroscience · 2023Article
- Influence of puff topographies on e-liquid heating temperature, emission characteristics and modeled lung deposition of Puff BarAerosol science and technology : the journal of the American Association for Aerosol Research · 2023Article
- Toxicological Assessment of Particulate and Metal Hazards Associated with Vaping Frequency and Device Age.Toxics · 2023Article
- Understanding the influence of atomizing power on electronic cigarette aerosol size and inhalation dose estimation.Aerosol science and technology : the journal of the American Association for Aerosol Research · 2023Article
- Carbonyl Profiles of Electronic Nicotine Delivery System (ENDS) Aerosols Reflect Both the Chemical Composition and the Numbers of E-Liquid Ingredients-Focus on theInternational journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- In utero exposures to mint-flavored JUUL aerosol impair lung development and aggravate house dust mite-induced asthma in adult offspring mice.Toxicology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Electronic cigarette, or vaping, products are used to heat an e-liquid to form an aerosol (liquid droplets suspended in gas) that the user inhales; a portion of this aerosol deposits in their respiratory tract and the remainder is exhaled, thereby potentially creating opportunity for secondhand exposure to bystanders (e.g., in homes, automobiles, and workplaces). Particle size, a critical factor in respiratory deposition (and therefore potential for secondhand exposure), could be influenced by e-liquid composition. Hence, the purposes of this study were to (1) test the influence of laboratory-prepared e-liquid composition [ratio of propylene glycol (PG) to vegetable glycerin (VG) humectants, nicotine, and flavorings] on particle size distribution and (2) model respiratory dosimetry. All e-liquids were aerosolized using a second-generation reference e-cigarette. We measured particle size distribution based on mass using a low-flow cascade impactor (LFCI) and size distribution based on number using real-time mobility sizers. Mass median aerodynamic diameters (MMADs) of aerosol from e-liquids that contained only humectants were significantly larger compared with e-liquids that contained flavorings or nicotine (
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.