ArticleFrontiers in immunology2022
Multiple Sclerosis and the Risk of Cardiovascular Diseases: A Mendelian Randomization Study.
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- Risk of myocardial infarction in patients with multiple sclerosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC neurology · 2026Pooled it
- Mendelian randomization studies on ischemic stroke: a field synopsis and systematic review.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Recalibration and external validation of vascular risk calculators for multiple sclerosis: A population-based study using CPRD data in England, 1987-2023.Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England) · 2026Article
- The hypoxia-inflammation cycle as a key mechanism of smoldering inflammation and progression in multiple sclerosis.Acta neuropathologica · 2026Review
- Immune-gut-metabolite Interactions in Multiple Sclerosis: A Mendelian Randomization and Mediation Study.Current neurovascular research · 2026Article
- Ocrelizumab transiently alters microbiota and modulates immune response depending on treatment outcome.iScience · 2025Article
- Causal associations between 17 common autoimmune diseases and aortic diseases: a Mendelian randomization study.International journal of cardiology. Cardiovascular risk and prevention · 2025Article
- Acute Myocardial Infarction and Diffuse Coronary Artery Disease in a Patient with Multiple Sclerosis: A Case Report and Literature Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Global Longitudinal Strain score predicts subclinical cardiac involvement of multiple sclerosis patients.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2025Article
- Neurocardiology Update: The Brain-Heart Connection in Multiple Sclerosis-A Narrative Review.Health science reports · 2025Article
- An Association of Framingham Risk Score with Patient Determined Disease Steps in a Cohort of Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis Patients: An Italian Real-World Monocentric Experience.Current neuropharmacology · 2025Observational
- Genetic Insights Into the Role of Cathepsins in Alzheimer's Disease, Parkinson's Disease, and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: Evidence From Mendelian Randomization Study.Brain and behavior · 2025Article
- Glaucoma and cardiovascular disease: a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis.Experimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.) · 2025Article
- Autoimmune diseases and cardiovascular risk: Mendelian randomization analysis for the impact of 19 autoimmune diseases on 14 cardiovascular conditions.Journal of translational autoimmunity · 2024Article
- Development of Human Monoclonal Antibodies With Broad Reactivity for Rabies Postexposure Prophylaxis.Journal of medical virology · 2024Article
- Review
- Review
- Targeting Vascular Impairment, Neuroinflammation, and Oxidative Stress Dynamics with Whole-Body Cryotherapy in Multiple Sclerosis Treatment.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Rheumatoid arthritis increases the risk of heart failure-current evidence from genome-wide association studies.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Article
- Etiology, effects and management of comorbidities in multiple sclerosis: recent advances.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Background: Observational studies suggested that multiple sclerosis (MS) is associated with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). However, the causal association has not been fully elucidated. Thus, we aim to assess the causality of the associations of MS with risk of CVDs. Methods: A two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study was performed to explore the causality. Genetic instruments were identified for MS from a genome-wide association study (GWAS) involving 115,803 individuals. Summary-level data for CVDs were obtained from different GWAS meta-analysis studies. MR analysis was conducted mainly using the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method. Sensitivity analyses were further performed to ensure the robustness of the results. Results: This MR study found suggestive evidence that genetic liability to MS was associated with an increased risk of coronary artery disease (CAD) [odds ratio (OR), 1.02; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.00-1.04; Conclusions: We provided suggestive genetic evidence for the causal associations of MS with increased risk of CAD, MI, HF, AS, and AIS, which highlighted the significance of active monitoring and prevention of cardiovascular risk to combat cardiovascular comorbidities in MS patients.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.