Diabetes, Metformin and the Clinical Course of Covid-19: Outcomes, Mechanisms and Suggestions on the Therapeutic Use of Metformin.

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

Who cites it

21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 43 citations in OpenAlex.

1. Metformin for Treatment of Acute COVID-19: Systematic Review of Clinical Trial Data Against SARS-CoV-2.Diabetes care · 2023
   Pooled it
2. COVID-19 and metabolic health: Lessons from a global pandemic.Metabolism open · 2026
   Article
3. The mechanisms underlying COVID-19 induced insulin resistance: a narrative review.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026
   Review
4. Longitudinal gene expression analysis in COVID-19 sepsis highlights dynamic immune, cellular, and metabolic dysfunction in high severity patients.Scientific reports · 2025
   Article
5. Repurposing existing drugs for the treatment ofCOVID-19/SARS-CoV-2: A review of pharmacological effects and mechanism of action.Heliyon · 2024
   Review
6. Effects of different treatments for type 2 diabetes mellitus on mortality of coronavirus disease from 2019 to 2021 in China: a multi-institutional retrospective study.Molecular biomedicine · 2024
   Article
7. Herbal-based therapeutics for diabetic patients with SARS-Cov-2 infection.Molecular biology reports · 2024
   Review
8. Gene expression of protein kinase AMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha 1 (PRKAA1), solute carrier family 2 member 1 (SLC2A1) and mechanistic target of rapamycin (MTOR) in metformin-treated type 2 diabetes patients with COVID-19: impact on inflammation markers.Inflammopharmacology · 2024
   Article
9. Impact of pre-existing mental health diagnoses on development of post-COVID and related symptoms: a claims data-based cohort study.Scientific reports · 2024
   Article
10. The prevention and treatment of COVID-19 in patients treated with hemodialysis.European journal of medical research · 2023
    Review
11. Investigating the impact of metformin on severity of COVID-19 in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus: Focusing on laboratory findings.Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism · 2023
    Article
12. The F/B ratio as a biomarker for inflammation in COVID-19 and T2D: Impact of metformin.Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie · 2023
    Article
13. Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 Expression and Severity of SARS-CoV-2 Infection.Microorganisms · 2023
    Review
14. Action Mechanism of Metformin and Its Application in Hematological Malignancy Treatments: A Review.Biomolecules · 2023
    Review
15. Regulation of the immune system by the insulin receptor in health and disease.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023
    Review
16. Unveiling the potential pleiotropic effects of metformin in treating COVID-19: a comprehensive review.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2023
    Review
17. Metformin is associated with reduced COVID-19 severity in patients with prediabetes.Diabetes research and clinical practice · 2022
    Observational
18. Metformin is Associated with Reduced COVID-19 Severity in Patients with Prediabetes.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2022
    Article
19. COVID-19 and diabetes-Two giants colliding: From pathophysiology to management.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022
    Review
20. Current Strategies in Treating Cytokine Release Syndrome Triggered by Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2.ImmunoTargets and therapy · 2022
    Review

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

Authors and funding

2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

Abstract

PubMed holds no abstract for this paper.

Indexed as