ReviewFrontiers in cellular neuroscience2022
Microglia: Key Players in Retinal Ageing and Neurodegeneration.
Review in Frontiers in cellular neuroscience, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 88 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
88 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 123 citations in OpenAlex.
- Glial Cell Activation and Immune Responses in Glaucoma: A Systematic Review of Human Postmortem Studies of the Retina and Optic Nerve.Aging and disease · 2024Pooled it
- Retinal Transcriptome-Wide Association Study Identifies Novel Alzheimer's Disease Risk Genes.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Aberrant retinal structure and vasculature in mouse models of dominant retinopathies caused by CRX homeodomain mutations.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Review
- Dual role of microglia in glaucoma: Regulation of neuroinflammation and neuroregeneration.Neural regeneration research · 2026Article
- Integrated Proteomic and Lipidomic Profiling of Aqueous Humor Reveals Inflammatory Signatures in Retinitis Pigmentosa.Biomedicines · 2026Article
- Anti-Inflammatory Effects of the Algal Diterpenoid Ruguloptone A by Modulation of M2 Response in Early Diabetic Retinopathy.Pharmaceutics · 2026Article
- Optic nerve diameter in early-stage idiopathic Parkinson's disease: A prospective observational study.Medicine · 2026Observational
- PLGA Nanoparticle-based Anti-TLR2 scFv Gene Delivery for the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease.Experimental neurobiology · 2026Article
- Age-Related Neurovascular Dysfunction in the Retina and Potential Pathogenic Mechanisms.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2026Review
- Aberrant retinal structure and vasculature in mouse models of dominant retinopathies caused bybioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Persistent microglial activation following neonatal CMV infection mediates neurodegeneration.Science advances · 2026Article
- Colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor inhibition is neuroprotective to photoreceptors in retinal detachment.Cell death & disease · 2026Article
- Metabolic Syndrome Predisposes Ossabaw Minipig Retina to an Early Neurodegenerative Milieu.Cells · 2026Article
- Inflammatory Hyperreflective Retinal Foci: An OCT Biomarker of Neuroinflammation in Geographic Atrophy.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Microglial phagocytosis of bipolar cells triggers inner retinal degeneration in Rs1-KO mice.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2026Article
- Exposure to manganese during juvenile development increases microglial activation in the hippocampus following systemic infection with A/California/04/2009 Influenza A H1N1 virus.Frontiers in toxicology · 2026Article
- Stem cells ameliorate neurotrauma-induced visual disturbances and retinal degeneration via broad normalization of β-catenin-related signaling.International journal of medical sciences · 2026Article
- The CD39-CD73-adenosine axis: a pivotal regulator of retinal homeostasis and diseases.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Review
- Dual immune armies in glaucoma: microglia and monocyte-derived macrophages.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
28 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Microglia are the resident immune cells of the central nervous system (CNS) and play a key role in maintaining the normal function of the retina and brain. During early development, microglia migrate into the retina, transform into a highly ramified phenotype, and scan their environment constantly. Microglia can be activated by any homeostatic disturbance that may endanger neurons and threaten tissue integrity. Once activated, the young microglia exhibit a high diversity in their phenotypes as well as their functions, which relate to either beneficial or harmful consequences. Microglial activation is associated with the release of cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors that can determine pathological outcomes. As the professional phagocytes in the retina, microglia are responsible for the clearance of pathogens, dead cells, and protein aggregates. However, their phenotypic diversity and phagocytic capacity is compromised with ageing. This may result in the accumulation of protein aggregates and myelin debris leading to retinal neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. In this review, we describe microglial phenotypes and functions in the context of the young and ageing retina, and the mechanisms underlying changes in ageing. Additionally, we review microglia-mediated retinal neuroinflammation and discuss the mechanisms of microglial involvement in retinal neurodegenerative diseases.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.