SynthesisApplied health economics and health policy2022
Financing and Reimbursement Models for Personalised Medicine: A Systematic Review to Identify Current Models and Future Options.
Synthesis in Applied health economics and health policy, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed.
- Human cardiovascular organoids: Biomedical applications and ethical challenges.American heart journal plus : cardiology research and practice · 2026Review
- Regulatory Convergence in Cell and Gene Therapy: Harmonizing Quality, CMC, and Approval Pathways Across the FDA, EMA, PMDA, and Emerging Markets.Biotech (Basel (Switzerland)) · 2026Review
- Liquid biopsy in oncology practice: A global survey by the Young Committee of the International Society of Liquid Biopsy (ISLB).The journal of liquid biopsy · 2026Article
- Priority European strategies for sustainable access to high-quality genetic counselling in cancer: A Delphi study.European journal of human genetics : EJHG · 2026Article
- Towards a Multi-sectoral Approach to Population Health: A Scoping Review of Cross-sectoral Evaluations of Health Interventions.Applied health economics and health policy · 2026Review
- Precision cancer medicine in Europe: a mixed-methods study on infrastructure for extended molecular diagnostics.Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology · 2026Article
- Unifying the odyssey: artificial intelligence for rare disease diagnosis and therapy.Health and technology · 2026Article
- Making Advanced Therapies Affordable and Accessible: Two Strategic Approaches.Developing world bioethics · 2026Article
- Nationwide Survival Impact of Bevacizumab Under National Reimbursement for Advanced Cervical Cancer in South Korea.Cancers · 2026Article
- Physiological correlates of pain in preterm infants: evidence from a meta-analytic approach.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026Review
- Personalized medicine and health equity: overcoming cost barriers and ethical challenges.International journal for equity in health · 2025Review
- Toward Sex-Specific Biomaterials Innovation: A Perspective.ACS biomaterials science & engineering · 2025Review
- Alternative Payment Models for Innovative Medicines: A Framework for Effective Implementation.Applied health economics and health policy · 2025Article
- Twenty-one-year report from the Danish Health Authority Expert Advisory Panel for review of treatment of 10 000 cancer patients.The oncologist · 2025Article
- Managed Entry Agreements for High-Cost, One-Off Potentially Curative Therapies: A Framework and Calculation Tool to Determine Their Suitability.PharmacoEconomics · 2025Article
- Role of Pharmacy Professionals in Gene Therapy Based on Adeno-Associated Viruses: Treatment of Hemophilia as a Template of Care.The Canadian journal of hospital pharmacy · 2025Review
- Design and Features of Pricing and Payment Schemes for Health Technologies: A Scoping Review and a Proposal for a Flexible Need-Driven Classification.PharmacoEconomics · 2025Article
- Understanding medicine access strategies for innovator medicines registered in South Africa.BMC health services research · 2024Article
- Budget Impact of Disease-Modifying Treatments and a CRISPR Gene-Edited Therapy for Sickle Cell Disease.Clinical drug investigation · 2024Article
- Challenges for gene therapy in the financial sustainability of health systems: a scoping review.Orphanet journal of rare diseases · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe number of healthcare interventions described as 'personalised medicine' (PM) is increasing rapidly. As healthcare systems struggle to decide whether to fund PM innovations, it is unclear what models for financing and reimbursement are appropriate to apply in this context.
objectiveTo review financing and reimbursement models for PM, summarise their key characteristics, and describe whether they can influence the development and uptake of PM.
methodsA literature review was conducted in Medline, Embase, Web of Science, and Econlit to identify studies published in English between 2009 and 2021, and reviews published before 2009. Grey literature was identified through Google Scholar, Google and subject-specific webpages. Articles that described financing and reimbursement of PM, and financing of non-PM were included. Data were extracted and synthesised narratively to report on the models, as well as facilitators, incentives, barriers and disincentives that could influence PM development and uptake.
resultsOne hundred and fifty-three papers were included. Research and development of PM was financed through both public and private sources and reimbursed largely through traditional models such as single fees, Diagnosis-Related Groups, and bundled payments. Financial-based reimbursement, including rebates and price-volume agreements, was mainly applied to targeted therapies. Performance-based reimbursement was identified mainly for gene and targeted therapies, and some companion diagnostics. Gene therapy manufacturers offered outcome-based rebates for treatment failure for interventions including Luxturna
conclusionsPublic-private financing agreements and performance-based reimbursement models could help facilitate the development and uptake of PM interventions with proven clinical benefit.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.