ArticleJournal of cellular and molecular medicine2022
Combined anticancer effects of simvastatin and arsenic trioxide on prostate cancer cell lines via downregulation of the VEGF and OPN isoforms genes.
Article in Journal of cellular and molecular medicine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It has been retracted, and should not be counted. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- RETRACTION: Combined Anticancer Effects of Simvastatin and Arsenic Trioxide on Prostate Cancer Cell Lines via Downregulation of the VEGF and OPN Isoforms Genes.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2026Article
- Retraction Note: The effect of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide extract on sensitizing prostate cancer cells to flutamide and docetaxel: an in vitro study.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Synergistic effects of arsenic trioxide and atorvastatin on proliferation and apoptosis in acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells.Leukemia research reports · 2026Article
- Identification of prostate cancer potential therapeutic targets and virtual drug screening through combined Mendelian randomization study, Bayesian colocalization and molecular docking.Discover oncology · 2025Article
- Article
- ERLNs augment simultaneous delivery of GFSV into PC-3 cells: Influence of drug combination on SDH, GPX-4, 5α-RD, and cytotoxicity.Oncology research · 2025Article
- Article
- Arsenic Trioxide Suppresses Angiogenesis in Non-small Cell Lung CancerAnti-cancer agents in medicinal chemistry · 2024Article
- The effect of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide extract on sensitizing prostate cancer cells to flutamide and docetaxel: an in vitro study.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Quercetin can be a more reliable treatment for metastatic prostate cancer than the localized disease: An in vitro study.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2023Article
- Paradoxical effects of statins on endothelial and cancer cells: the impact of concentrations.Cancer cell international · 2023Review
- The effect of mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomes on the prostate, bladder, and renal cancer cell lines.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Mutant p53, the Mevalonate Pathway and the Tumor Microenvironment Regulate Tumor Response to Statin Therapy.Cancers · 2022Review
- Combined anticancer effects of simvastatin and arsenic trioxide on prostate cancer cell lines via downregulation of the VEGF and OPN isoforms genes.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
- Retracted
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Arsenic trioxide (ATO) and statins have been demonstrated to have anti-neoplastic properties; however, the data regarding their combination therapy is limited. Thus, we aimed to study the effects of ATO, Simvastatin and their combination in proliferation, apoptosis and pathological angiogenesis in prostate cancer cell lines. The human prostate cell lines were treated with different concentrations of Simvastatin and ATO alone and combined to find effective doses and IC50 values. In addition, the percentage of apoptotic cells was evaluated by annexin/PI staining, and mRNA expression levels of the apoptotic gene, including OPN isoforms and VEGF, were investigated using real-time PCR. Our data displayed that Simvastatin (12 and 8 μM in PC3 and LNCaP cell lines respectively), ATO (8 and 5 μM in PC3 and LNCaP cell lines respectively), and also their combination (12 μM Simvastatin and 8 μM ATO in PC3, 8 μM Simvastatin and 5 μM ATO in LNCaP cell lines respectively) significantly increased the percentage of apoptotic cells. Also, we showed that the combination therapy by Simvastatin and ATO increased cell apoptosis and inhibited cell proliferation, providing anti-proliferative and anti-angiogenic properties, possibly via downregulation of the expression of VEGF and OPN genes. These results provide new perceptions regarding the anticancer roles of ATO and statins' combination therapy in prostate cancer.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.