ArticleScientific reports2022
SARS-CoV-2 spike protein induces cognitive deficit and anxiety-like behavior in mouse via non-cell autonomous hippocampal neuronal death.
Article in Scientific reports, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers.
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Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 72 citations in OpenAlex.
- Possible Volumetric Changes in the Hippocampus and Olfactory Bulbs After COVID-19: A Stereological MRI Study.Viruses · 2026Article
- SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein S1 Subunit Induces Neuroinflammation Via Microglial Kv1.3 Channel.Biological psychiatry global open science · 2026Article
- SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Induces Time-Dependent and Brain-Region-Specific Alterations in Ferroptosis Markers: A Preliminary Study in K18-hACE2 Mice.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Effects of Exogenous SARS-CoV-2 S1 Protein and mRNA Vaccines on Mixed Neuronal-Glial Cell Cultures.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Article
- From HIV to SARS-CoV-2 associated neurological disorder ("HAND" to "SAND"): Viral infection as a "time-bomb" for the aging brain.Neuroscience applied · 2026Review
- Neuroimmune pathophysiology of long COVID.Psychiatry and clinical neurosciences · 2025Review
- Role of NRP1/HDAC4/CREB/RIPK1 Axis in SARS-CoV2 S1 Spike Subunit-Induced Neuronal Toxicity.FASEB bioAdvances · 2025Article
- SARS-CoV2 infection triggers inflammatory conditions and astrogliosis-related gene expression in long-term human cortical organoids.Stem cells (Dayton, Ohio) · 2025Article
- Acute and long-term effects of COVID-19 on brain and mental health: A narrative review.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2025Review
- Article
- Investigating post-infection anxiety- and depression-like behaviors in a SARS-CoV-2 mouse model.Theranostics · 2025Article
- Antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 spike protein in the cerebrospinal fluid of COVID-19 patients and vaccinated controls: a multicentre study.Journal of neurology · 2024Article
- Accelerated tumor progression after COVID-19 infection in patients with glioblastoma: A retrospective case-control study.Neuro-oncology practice · 2024Article
- Article
- Review
- The immunobiology of SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccine responses: potential influences of cross-reactive memory responses and aging on efficacy and off-target effects.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Pulmonary SARS-CoV-2 infection leads to para-infectious immune activation in the brain.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- COVID-19 vaccination-related tinnitus is associated with pre-vaccination metabolic disorders.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Article
- Infectious Diseases.Advances in neurobiology · 2024Review
- Neurovascular coupling impairment as a mechanism for cognitive deficits in COVID-19.Brain communications · 2024Review
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is accompanied by chronic neurological sequelae such as cognitive decline and mood disorder, but the underlying mechanisms have not yet been elucidated. We explored the possibility that the brain-infiltrating SARS-CoV-2 spike protein contributes to the development of neurological symptoms observed in COVID-19 patients in this study. Our behavioral study showed that administration of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein S1 subunit (S1 protein) to mouse hippocampus induced cognitive deficit and anxiety-like behavior in vivo. These neurological symptoms were accompanied by neuronal cell death in the dorsal and ventral hippocampus as well as glial cell activation. Interestingly, the S1 protein did not directly induce hippocampal cell death in vitro. Rather, it exerted neurotoxicity via glial cell activation, partially through interleukin-1β induction. In conclusion, our data suggest a novel pathogenic mechanism for the COVID-19-associated neurological symptoms that involves glia activation and non-cell autonomous hippocampal neuronal death by the brain-infiltrating S1 protein.
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