Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35361232›Full record

ArticleChild and adolescent psychiatry and mental health2022

Current state of knowledge on the prevalence of neurodevelopmental disorders in childhood according to the DSM-5: a systematic review in accordance with the PRISMA criteria.

Lorena Francés, Javier Quintero, Alberto Fernández, Antoni Ruiz, Jessica Caules, Gabriella Fillon, Amaia Hervás, C Virgínia Soler

Open access · goldAbstract readLetter
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Child and adolescent psychiatry and mental health, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 151 papers, 14 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
151citing papers in PubMed, 14 pooled it
31.5field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

151 citing papers in PubMed, 14 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 294 citations in OpenAlex.

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91 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.

Lorena FrancésChild and Adolescent Psychiatrist, Menorca (Balearic Islands, Spain). Av. Del Metge Camps 20, 07740, Es Mercadal, Balearic Islands, Spain. lorefran@ucm.es.
Javier QuinteroHead of the Psychiatry Service, Infanta Leonor Hospital Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
Alberto FernándezDepartment of Legal Medicine, Psychiatry and Pathology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
Antoni RuizUniversity of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
Jessica CaulesPsychopedagogical Center Arrels, Ciutadella, Balearic Islands, Spain.
Gabriella FillonSomerset Foundation Trust-National Health System (NHS), London, UK.
Amaia HervásUniversity of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
C Virgínia SolerDalt Sant Joan Center (Mahón), Illes Balears, Spain.
Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands · ESHospital Universitario Infanta Leonor · ESSomerset Partnership NHS Foundation Trust · GBUniversidad Complutense de Madrid · ESUniversitat de Barcelona · ESUniversity Hospital Mútua de Terrassa · ES

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo interpret the current evidence on the prevalence of neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) through a systematic review based on both DSM-5 (2013) and PRISMA criteria.

methodEmpirical studies complying with the PRISMA guidelines were identified from four databases (PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, and ProQuest) and systematically reviewed. In total, 17 articles were selected for the study.

resultsIn the scientific literature, there have been only a few studies measuring the prevalence of NDDs according to the DSM-5 (2013) criteria in people under 18 years old. The reported prevalence rates were as follows: intellectual disability (ID), 0.63%; attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), 5-11%; autism spectrum disorder (ASD), 0.70-3%; specific learning disorder (SLD), 3-10%; communication disorders (CDs), 1-3.42%; and motor disorders (MDs), 0.76-17%. Although there is extensive literature on specific disorders, NDDs have rarely been assessed as a whole. All of the reviewed studies support the idea that such disorders can be considered chronic, heterogeneous, underdiagnosed conditions and that comorbidity of multiple NDDs is the norm. Likewise, it is estimated that the prevalence of the most studied disorders, such as ADHD, ASD and SLD, remains stable over time and is consistent in different cultures, ages, ethnicities and sexes.

conclusionThe studies reviewed lead us to conclude that the prevalence rate of NDDs fluctuates globally between 4.70 and 88.50%; these variations depend on methodological aspects such as estimation procedures, as well as on sociocontextual phenomena. It is also important to consider that the prevalence found is probably highly influenced by the activity of the countries in the diagnosis and training of professionals who care for children and adolescents. Hence, there is a need for a secondary intervention in the fields of public health and education to minimize socioemotional consequences, prevent academic failure, and reduce the economic cost to society.

Indexed as

ADHDAutism spectrum disorderChildhoodDiagnosisIntellectual disabilityLanguage disorderLearning disabilityMotor disordersNeurodevelopmental disordersPrevalence

Identifiers

PMID35361232
PMCPMC8973738
OpenAlexW4220697706

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.