ArticleBMC musculoskeletal disorders2022
Analysis of relationship between loading condition and cranial cracking pattern using a three-dimensional finite element model.
Article in BMC musculoskeletal disorders, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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2 citing papers in PubMed, 3 citations in OpenAlex.
- Method of understanding for investigation of crack propagation trajectory and fracture aspects in dental cracks on view of fracture mechanics theories.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Cranial Bone Changes Induced by Mild Traumatic Brain Injuries: A Neglected Player in Concussion Outcomes?Neurotrauma reports · 2023Article
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6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
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Abstract
backgroundA hairline crack on the cranium can occur even under a small external load or impact and are thus often observed in patients who have experienced an accidental fall or collision. Typical finite element analysis is useful to analyze the stress concentration or the propagation of stress waves. However, a stress propagation model does not accurately reproduce the features of hairline cracks on the cranium. The objective in this study was to reproduce cranial hairline cracks.
methodsA three-dimensional finite element model of the cranial bone was developed from a patient CT images. The model consists of the frontal, parietal, occipital and temporal bones, and the bones are connected with the sutures. Additionally, the model comprised three layers; the external and internal tables and the diploe. The model was analyzed using the extended finite element method (X-FEM), and a forming limit diagram (FLD) was embedded in the model. In this study, the model was symmetrized bilaterally using the model developed from the left side of the skull. The FLD in this study was assumed to be a relationship between the maximum and minimum strains when a fracture occurs. A total of 13 typical loadings were applied to the model: loading points on the top, left, and back of the cranium were considered, and at each loading point, loads were applied with four or five different directions, namely perpendicular to the cranium and inclined in the anterior, posterior, superior, or inferior at an angle of 45
resultsUnder all loading conditions, many small cracks formed radially at the loading points. Moreover, some large cracks formed under the certain loading conditions. The crack shapes on the top and left side could be associated with the specific loading directions, whereas cracks on the back did not show distinguishing characteristics depending on the loading directions. The present model was reproduced anatomically and morphologically, and the results were similar to those obtained in previous cadaver experiments.
conclusionsThrough X-FEM analysis of the FE model embedded with an FLD, hairline cracks in the cranium were reproduced, and a few crack shapes were identified as potential markers for estimating the loading conditions.
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