ArticleBMC oral health2022
Iron deficiency anemia associated factors and early childhood caries in Qingdao.
Article in BMC oral health, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association Between Iron Deficiency Anemia and Dental Caries in Children: A Systematic Umbrella Meta-Analysis.Journal of human nutrition and dietetics : the official journal of the British Dietetic Association · 2025Pooled it
- Early Childhood Caries and Immunonutritional Status in Preschool Children: A Retrospective Comparative Study of the HALP Score and Hematological Biomarkers.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Knowledge, attitudes, and practices towards iron deficiency anemia among paramedical college staff and students in a Saudi university: an online cross-sectional survey.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Effects of pica practice on oral bacteriome and mycobiome profiles among pregnant women: A comparative study.PloS one · 2026Article
- Article
- A scoping review of the links between early childhood caries and clean water and sanitation: the Sustainable Development Goal 6.BMC oral health · 2024Article
- Iron Deficiency Anemia and Its Impact on Oral Health-A Literature Review.Dentistry journal · 2024Review
- Secular trends of dental caries and association with nutritional status: a retrospective analysis of 16,199 Chinese students from three successive national surveys from 2010 to 2019.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- Iron Deficiency Anemia and Dental Caries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Global pediatric health · 2024Article
- The Impact of Anemia-Related Early Childhood Caries on Parents' and Children's Quality of Life.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2023Article
- Oral manifestations of iron imbalance.Frontiers in nutrition · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundIron deficiency anemia (IDA) has been shown to be related to early childhood caries (ECC). However, data on the relationship, if any, between IDA-associated factors and ECC remain scant. This study aimed to explore the interplay between IDA-associated factors and ECC.
methodsThis study randomly sampled a total of 1598 children in Qingdao city, and analyzed the severity of ECC using decayed-missing-filled teeth index, while the rate of caries was analyzed following the WHO recommendations. The correlation between IDA and ECC was analyzed by both the chi-square test and Mann-Whitney U test. In addition, we designed an electronic questionnaire and employed the disordered multi-classification logistic regression to interrogate the relationship between the IDA-associated factors and ECC.
resultsChildren with IDA had higher rates and severe ECC than those without IDA (p < 0.001). Children who were breastfed until 2 years old had a higher risk of IDA and ECC, compared to those who were not {OR 3.453 (1.681-7.094)}. Compared with children who had no history of IDA at the age of 2 years or below, those with IDA history had a higher risk of IDA and ECC {OR 8.762 (3.648-21.041)}. In addition, children who had a maternal history of IDA at pregnancy were at a higher risk of IDA and ECC compared to those who had no IDA history at pregnancy {OR 4.913 (2.934-8.226)}. Our data showed that children from a family with an annual income lower than 50,000 Renminbi (RMB) had a higher risk of IDA and ECC compared to those with an annual family income higher than 200,000 RMB {OR 3.421 (1.505-7.775)}. On the other hand, compared with children taking iron supplements, children who did not were at a higher risk of ECC and IDA {OR 5.602 (1.858-16.896)}.
conclusionFactors such as low family income, history of IDA in children aged 2 years or younger, IDA history during pregnancy, children breastfed until 2 years old, and those not taking iron supplements were significantly associated with the occurrence of ECC and IDA.
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