ArticleClinical neuropsychiatry2022
School Refusal Behavior: Role of Personality Styles, Social Functioning, and Psychiatric Symptoms in a Sample of Adolescent Help-Seekers.
Article in Clinical neuropsychiatry, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- School refusal: mapping the literature by bibliometric analysis.Frontiers in psychology · 2024Pooled it
- Network analysis of school refusal behavior and internalizing and externalizing problems among Chinese adolescents.BMC psychology · 2026Article
- Effectiveness of multi-family group therapy for school refusal in adolescents with depressive disorders: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.BMC psychology · 2026Article
- Environmental sensitivity and psychosocial characteristics in junior high school students with school refusal.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- The Mediating Role of Academic Self-Efficacy Between Gender and the Intention to Resume Schooling Among Depressed Adolescents: An Empirical Study from China.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Network analysis of school absence: central symptoms and their functions.Frontiers in child and adolescent psychiatry · 2025Article
- School refusal behavior in children and adolescents: a five-year narrative review of clinical significance and psychopathological profiles.Italian journal of pediatrics · 2024Review
- Psychological characteristics and emotional difficulties underlying school refusal in adolescents using functional near-infrared spectroscopy.BMC psychiatry · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Objective: School refusal (SR) in adolescence represents an important risk factor associated with adverse consequences. Although many clinical features of adolescents presenting with SR have been studied, the relationship between SR and personality styles-specifically in the help-seeking population-remains unclear. The present study aimed at investigating differences in personality style, adaptive functioning, and symptomology between Italian help-seeking adolescents who refused (SRa) and did not refuse (non-SRa) to attend school, to provide preliminary evidence of personality patterns in adolescent help-seekers presenting with SR. Method: The study sample was comprised of 103 help-seeking adolescents (54 female, 49 male) aged 14-18 years. Participants were recruited during their first clinical visit and evaluated using the Shedler and Westen Assessment Procedure - Adolescent version (SWAP-A), the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAM-D), the Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety (HAM-A), the Maniac Rating Scale (MRS), the Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF), the Global Functioning Social Scale (GFSS), and the Global Functioning Role Scale (GFRS). Differences in the studied variables between SRa and non-SRa were measured and a multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to identify possible predictive factors of SR. Results: SRa presented with more anxious and depressive symptomatology and worse social functioning compared to non-SRa. With respect to personality, SRa displayed more schizoid and schizotypal characteristics and fewer adaptive and healthy personality features. Irrespective of any differences between groups, SRa were largely characterized by inhibited-self-constricted and emotionally dysregulated personality styles. Conclusions: The results suggest that personality styles are clinical features that may contribute to broadening our knowledge of SR behavior and aid in the detection of SRa, also in the help-seeking population. The findings have clinical, social, and political implications for prevention, diagnosis, and treatment, in both clinical and non-clinical settings. However, more data are needed on personality features to clarify their contribution to the more complex phenomenon of school absenteeism.
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