ArticlePain research & management2022
Craniofacial Morphology of Orthodontic Patients with and without Temporomandibular Disorders: A Cross-Sectional Study.
Article in Pain research & management, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed.
- Functional and craniofacial characteristics in patients with coexisting pain-related temporomandibular disorders and probable sleep bruxism: a cross-sectional study.BMC oral health · 2026Article
- Correlation of Facial Form with Temporomandibular Joint-Space Dimensions: A CBCT-Based Cross-Sectional Study.Dentistry journal · 2026Article
- Structural Features of the Temporomandibular Joint Evaluated by MRI and Their Association with Oral Function and Craniofacial Morphology in Female Patients with Malocclusion: A Cross-Sectional Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Finite element analysis of SED and facial morphology.BMC oral health · 2025Observational
- Assessment of pain location according to different types of bruxism.Journal of oral & facial pain and headache · 2025Article
- Explainable deep learning and biomechanical modeling for TMJ disorder morphological risk factors.JCI insight · 2024Article
- Exploring the association between orthodontic treatment and temporomandibular disorders in pediatric patient: A retrospective study.Journal of orthodontic science · 2024Article
- The Impact of Temporomandibular Disorders on Orthodontic Management: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Cureus · 2023Review
- Craniofacial Morphology of Temporomandibular Disorder Patients with Different Disc Positions: Stratifying Features Based on Sex and Sagittal Skeletal Pattern.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Do Temporomandibular Disorder Patients with Joint Pain Exhibit Forward Head Posture? A Cephalometric Study.Pain research & management · 2023Article
- Effects of Occlusal Splints on Spinal Posture in Patients with Temporomandibular Disorders: A Systematic Review.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Psychological Profiles and Their Relevance with Temporomandibular Disorder Symptoms in Preorthodontic Patients.Pain research & management · 2022Article
- Development of a new category system for the profile morphology of temporomandibular disorders patients based on cephalograms using cluster analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2022Article
- Do Specific Craniomaxillofacial Features Correlate with Psychological Distress in Adult Pretreatment Orthodontic Patients? A Cephalometric Study.Disease markers · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
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Abstract
Purpose: We aimed to explore the relationship between temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) and craniofacial morphology in orthodontic patients. Methods: Altogether, 262 orthodontic patients were included and divided into two groups according to their Fonseca Anamnestic Index (FAI) scores: a no-TMD group (control group, FAI < 20) and a TMD group (FAI ≥ 20). Cephalometric parameters including cranial, maxillary, mandibular, and dental parameters were traced on cephalograms. Craniofacial morphology was compared between TMD and control groups, followed by subgroup analyses based on TMD severity, gender, age, and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) symptoms. Results: The prevalence of TMDs was 52.7% among included patients (138/262). The mean age of TMD patients was higher than that of the control group. No significant difference in gender distribution between the groups was observed. The most commonly reported FAI items were misaligned teeth, neck pain, and emotional tension. The Frankfort-mandibular plane angle (FMA) was larger in the TMD patients than in the control group, whereas no significant differences in other parameters were observed. Subgroup analysis based on TMD severity revealed that FMA and anterior facial height of moderate/severe TMD patients were significantly larger than those of mild or no-TMD patients. Among male patients, the anterior cranial base length was smaller, and the anterior facial height was larger in the TMD group. Among female patients, no significant differences in craniofacial morphology between the groups were observed. In juvenile patients, overjet and overbite were smaller in the TMD group. In adult patients, SNA, ANB, FMA, and gonial angle were larger in the TMD group. Within the TMD group, patients with TMJ pain or noises exhibited characteristic craniofacial features compared to patients without these symptoms. Conclusions: Orthodontic patients with TMDs have specific craniofacial morphology, suggesting a relationship between TMDs and particular craniofacial features in orthodontic patients.
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