Observational studyFrontiers in immunology2022
The Induced Immune Response in Patients With Infectious Spondylodiscitis: A Prospective Observational Cohort Study.
Observational study in Frontiers in immunology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.
- Analysis of ADR reports of cetuximab based on the FDA adverse event reporting system database.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Etiological Insights and the Role of Individual Factors in Infectious Spondylodiscitis.Infectious disease reports · 2025Article
- Prediction of herpes virus infections after solid organ transplantation: a prospective study of immune function.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Introduction: Infectious spondylodiscitis is a rare infection of the intervertebral disc and the adjacent vertebral bodies that often disseminates and requires long-term antibiotic therapy. Immunologic profiling of patients with infectious spondylodiscitis could allow for a personalized medicine strategy. We aimed to examine the induced immune response in patients with infectious spondylodiscitis during and after antibiotic therapy. Furthermore, we explored potential differences in the induced immune response depending on the causative pathogen and the dissemination of the disease. Methods: This was a prospective observational cohort study that enrolled patients with infectious spondylodiscitis between February 2018 and August 2020. A blood sample was collected at baseline, after four to six weeks of antibiotic therapy (during antibiotic therapy), and three to seven months after end of antibiotic therapy (post-infection). The induced immune response was assessed using the standardized functional immune assay TruCulture Results: In total, 49 patients with infectious spondylodiscitis were included. The induced immune responses were generally lower than references at baseline, but the cytokine release increased in patients after treatment with antibiotic therapy. Post-infection, most of the released cytokine concentrations were within the reference range. No significant differences in the induced immune responses based on stratification according to the causative pathogen or dissemination of disease were found. Conclusion: We found lower induced immune responses in patients with infectious spondylodiscitis at baseline. However, post-infection, the immune function normalized, indicating that an underlying immune deficiency is not a prominent factor for spondylodiscitis. We did not find evidence to support the use of induced immune responses as a tool for prediction of the causative pathogen or disease dissemination, and other methods should be explored to guide optimal treatment of patients with infectious spondylodiscitis.
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