ArticleFrontiers in immunology2022
Mapping the Mechanical and Immunological Profiles of Polymeric Microneedles to Enable Vaccine and Immunotherapy Applications.
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Dissolving microneedles for nucleic acid delivery: A systematic search, review, and data synthesis.Acta biomaterialia · 2025Pooled it
- Matrix Viscoelasticity Regulates Dendritic Cell Migration and Immune Priming.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2026Article
- Solid Microneedles from Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate): A Solvent-Free, Biodegradable Platform for Drug Delivery.Pharmaceutics · 2026Article
- Smart micro/nanoneedles for gene delivery.Iranian journal of basic medical sciences · 2026Review
- Mechanical Characterization of Individual Needles in Microneedle Arrays: Factors Affecting Compression Test Results.Pharmaceutics · 2024Article
- Investigating Laser Ablation Process Parameters for the Fabrication of Customized Microneedle Arrays for Therapeutic Applications.Pharmaceutics · 2024Article
- Advancing immunotherapy using biomaterials to control tissue, cellular, and molecular level immune signaling in skin.Advanced drug delivery reviews · 2024Review
- 3D Printing of Biodegradable Polymeric Microneedles for Transdermal Drug Delivery Applications.Pharmaceutics · 2024Article
- Microneedle array delivery ofiScience · 2024Article
- GEOMETRIC DETERMINANTS OF CELL VIABILITY FOR 3D-PRINTED HOLLOW MICRONEEDLE ARRAY-MEDIATED DELIVERY.Proceedings. IEEE International Conference on Micro Electro Mechanical Systems · 2024Article
- Engineering metabolism to modulate immunity.Advanced drug delivery reviews · 2024Review
- Exploiting Unique Features of Microneedles to Modulate Immunity.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2023Review
- Harnessing Biomaterials to Study and Direct Antigen-Specific Immunotherapy.ACS applied bio materials · 2023Review
- Tuning innate immune function using microneedles containing multiple classes of toll-like receptor agonists.Nanoscale · 2023Article
- Biomaterial Strategies for Selective Immune Tolerance: Advances and Gaps.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2023Review
- Delivery route considerations for designing antigen-specific biomaterial strategies to combat autoimmunity.Advanced nanobiomed research · 2023Article
- Tissue-Targeted Drug Delivery Strategies to Promote Antigen-Specific Immune Tolerance.Advanced healthcare materials · 2023Review
- A microarray patch SARS-CoV-2 vaccine induces sustained antibody responses and polyfunctional cellular immunity.iScience · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Biomaterials hold great promise for vaccines and immunotherapy. One emerging biomaterials technology is microneedle (MNs) delivery. MNs are arrays of micrometer-sized needles that are painless and efficiently deliver cargo to the specialized immunological niche of the skin. MNs typically do not require cold storage and eliminate medical sharps. Nearly all materials exhibit intrinsic properties that can bias immune responses toward either pro-immune or inhibitory effects. Thus, because MNs are fabricated from degradable polymers to enable cargo loading and release, understanding the immunological profiles of these matrices is essential to enable new MN vaccines and immunotherapies. Additionally, understanding the mechanical properties is important because MNs must penetrate the skin and conform to a variety of skin or tissue geometries. Here we fabricated MNs from important polymer classes - including extracellular matrix biopolymers, naturally-derived polymers, and synthetic polymers - with both high- and low-molecular-weights (MW). We then characterized the mechanical properties and intrinsic immunological properties of these designs. The library of polymer MNs exhibited diverse mechanical properties, while causing only modest changes in innate signaling and antigen-specific T cell proliferation. These data help inform the selection of MN substrates based on the mechanical and immunological requirements needed for a specific vaccine or immunotherapy application.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.