SynthesisFrontiers in immunology2022
A Systematic Review of the Progression of Cutaneous Lupus to Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.
Synthesis in Frontiers in immunology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 42 citations in OpenAlex.
- Incidence of cutaneous lupus erythematosus and systemic progression: A Nationwide study in Korea.Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV · 2026Article
- Persistent cutaneous lupus erythematosus: A pathway toward systemic disease?Journal of translational autoimmunity · 2026Review
- Recent developments in the use of biomarkers as diagnostic tools in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: a narrative review.EULAR rheumatology open · 2026Review
- A MIF-p38-GSDMD inflammatory loop in keratinocytes underlies UVB-induced cutaneous lupus.Cell death & disease · 2026Article
- Blaschko-Linear Lupus Erythematosus in a Pediatric Patient.HCA healthcare journal of medicine · 2026Article
- Low Vitamin D and C Levels are Associated with Increased Disease Activity in Jordanian RA and SLE Patients: A Case-Control StudyEndocrine, metabolic & immune disorders drug targets · 2026Article
- Cutaneous lupus erythematosus - from pathogenesis to targeted therapy.Nature reviews. Rheumatology · 2025Review
- Article
- [Lupus erythematosus].Dermatologie (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2025Review
- Analytical study on systemic lupus erythematosus and its association with cutaneous manifestations.Bioinformation · 2025Article
- A photodistributed rash in a patient on apixaban.JAAD case reports · 2025Article
- Use of belimumab in treating patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: a single-center, real-world retrospective study.Arthritis research & therapy · 2024Article
- The role of vitamin D in pediatric systemic lupus erythematosus - a double pawn in the immune and microbial balance.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Modulation of Immune Cells as a Therapy for Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Clinical aspects of cutaneous lupus erythematosus.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Review
- Influence of Socio-Demographic Factors in Patients With Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Lupus erythematosus is an autoimmune disease that may manifest in a variety of organs and tissues including the skin, kidney, brain, heart and lung. Many patients present with cutaneous lupus, where disease is often limited to the skin, but are at risk for developing systemic lupus. The objective of our present study is to perform a systematic review of studies that investigated patient cohorts and populations for the occurrence of cutaneous lupus progressing to systemic lupus. Inclusion criteria required that studies present longitudinal data of patients with limited cutaneous lupus erythematosus who were followed for development of systemic lupus erythematosus. Studies were excluded if patients had concurrent diagnosis of SLE, or if they failed to present longitudinal data. Medline and Embase were searched for English language studies using the Ovid platform. A total of 25 adult studies were identified, as well as 8 pediatric studies. The rate of cutaneous to systemic lupus progression ranged between 0% to 42% in the adult studies and 0% to 31% in the pediatric groups. The variability in these rates were due to differences in patient populations, study design, criteria used to diagnose systemic lupus, and follow-up time. Common risk factors associated with systemic lupus erythematosus development including having positive anti-nuclear antibodies, hematologic abnormalities, and higher number of lupus classification criteria at baseline. This study emphasizes the importance for providers to routinely monitor for systemic lupus in patients with cutaneous lupus.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.