ArticlePsyCh journal2022
Neurotherapeutics for ADHD: Do they work?
Article in PsyCh journal, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed.
- External trigeminal nerve stimulation in youth with ADHD: a randomized, sham-controlled, phase 2b trial.Nature medicine · 2026Trial
- Effects of fMRI neurofeedback of right inferior frontal cortex on inhibitory brain activation in children with ADHD.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2024Trial
- Brain-Behavior Relationships in Children With ADHD: Resting-state EEG Networks Underlying Executive Function and Neurological Soft Signs.Brain and behavior · 2026Article
- An explainable machine learning-based approach to predicting treatment response for neurofeedback in ADHD.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Research progress of tDCS in the treatment of ADHD.Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · 2025Review
- Adherence to Therapy Using Neurostimulation Devices in the Treatment of Pediatric Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Extraclinical Study.JMIR neurotechnology · 2025Article
- The SASOP/PsychMg child and adolescent attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder guidelines.The South African journal of psychiatry : SAJP : the journal of the Society of Psychiatrists of South Africa · 2025Article
- A systematic review and content analysis of serious video games for children with ADHD.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Review
- Adherence-Promoting Design Features in Pediatric Neurostimulators for ADHD Patients.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Exploring the Effects of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on Comorbid Sleep Disorders in Preschool Children with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder.Psychiatry and clinical psychopharmacology · 2024Article
- Electrophysiological underpinnings of dysfunctional inhibitory control in adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: evidence for reduced NoGo anteriorization.Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · 2023Article
- Neurotherapeutics for ADHD: Do they work?PsyCh journal · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
Abstract
This paper reflects on the use of neurotherapeutics for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). ADHD is the most imaged child psychiatric disorder, with over 3 decades of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) research. Findings are relatively homogeneous compared to other psychiatric conditions with consistent evidence for differences, albeit small, relative to healthy controls in the structure and function of several frontal, parietotemporal, and striatal brain regions as well as their inter-regional structural and functional connections. The functional deficits have been targeted with modern neurotherapeutics, including neurofeedback (using most commonly electroencephalography and more recently functional near-infrared spectroscopy and functional MRI) and non-invasive brain stimulation (such as repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation, transcranial direct current stimulation, or external trigeminal nerve stimulation). Except for electroencephalography-neurofeedback, the majority of neurotherapeutic studies have been relatively small, with very heterogenous research protocols and outcome measures and-likely as a consequence-inconsistent findings. Furthermore, most brain stimulation studies have tested effects on cognitive functions rather than clinical symptoms. So far, findings have not been very promising. Future studies require systematic testing of optimal protocols in large samples or homogenous subgroups to understand response prediction that could lead to individualized treatment.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.