ArticleEnvironmental research2022
Determinants of phthalate exposures in pregnant women in New York City.
Article in Environmental research, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Exposure to bisphenols and phthalates and arterial stiffness in women of reproductive age: a New York City cohort analysis.Environment international · 2026Article
- Longitudinal patterns of urinary biomarkers of placental and renal function in pregnancy and associations with early pregnancy exposure to phthalates and replacements.Reproductive toxicology (Elmsford, N.Y.) · 2026Article
- Occupation and urinary phthalate metabolite concentrations in a national survey of adults in Canada.Environmental health : a global access science source · 2026Article
- Associations of prenatal exposure to bisphenols and phthalates with the fetoplacental ratio in the New York University Children's Health and Environment Study (NYU CHES).Ecotoxicology and environmental safety · 2026Article
- Placental angiogenic biomarkers in relation to prenatal bisphenol and phthalate exposure.Placenta · 2026Article
- Prenatal phthalate exposure and anogenital distance in infants at 12 months.Environment international · 2025Article
- Sociodemographic and dietary determinants of glyphosate exposure in a NYC-based pregnancy cohort.Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987) · 2024Article
- Disrupted Prenatal Metabolism May Explain the Etiology of Suboptimal Neurodevelopment: A Focus on Phthalates and Micronutrients and their Relationship to Autism Spectrum Disorder.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2024Review
- Prenatal phthalate exposure and fetal penile length and width.Pediatric research · 2024Article
- Fetal bisphenol and phthalate exposure and early childhood growth in a New York City birth cohort.Environment international · 2024Article
- Phthalate exposure increases interferon-γ during pregnancy: The Atlanta African American Maternal-Child Cohort.The Science of the total environment · 2024Article
- Variability and Longitudinal Trajectories of Phthalate and Replacement Biomarkers across Pregnancy in the Human Placenta and Phthalates Study.Environmental science & technology · 2023Article
- Maternal urinary bisphenols and phthalates in relation to estimated fetal weight across mid to late pregnancy.Environment international · 2023Article
- Variability and correlations of synthetic chemicals in urine from a New York City-based cohort of pregnant women.Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987) · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Previous studies have provided data on determinants of phthalates in pregnant women, but results were disparate across regions. We aimed to identify the food groups and demographic factors that predict phthalate exposure in an urban contemporary pregnancy cohort in the US. The study included 450 pregnant women from the New York University Children's Health and Environment Study in New York City. Urinary concentrations of 22 phthalate metabolites, including metabolites of di-2-ethylhexylphthalate (DEHP), were determined at three time points across pregnancy by liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. The Diet History Questionnaire II was completed by pregnant women at mid-pregnancy to assess dietary information. Linear mixed models were fitted to examine determinants of urinary phthalate metabolite concentrations. Using partial-linear single-index (PLSI) models, we assessed the major contributors, among ten food groups, to phthalate exposure. Metabolites of DEHP and its ortho-phthalate replacement, diisononyl phthalate (DiNP), were found in >90% of the samples. The sum of creatinine-adjusted DiNP metabolite concentrations was higher in older and single women and in samples collected in summer. Hispanic and non-Hispanic Black women had lower urinary concentrations of summed metabolites of di-n-octyl phthalate (DnOP), but higher concentrations of low molecular weight phthalates compared with non-Hispanic White women. Each doubling of grain products consumed was associated with a 20.9% increase in ∑DiNP concentrations (95%CI: 4.5, 39.9). PLSI models revealed that intake of dried beans and peas was the main dietary factor contributing to urinary ∑DEHP, ∑DiNP, and ∑DnOP levels, with contribution proportions of 76.3%, 35.8%, and 27.4%, respectively. Urinary metabolite levels of phthalates in pregnant women in NYC varied by age, marital status, seasonality, race/ethnicity, and diet. These results lend insight into the major determinants of phthalates levels, and may be used to identify exposure sources and guide interventions to reduce exposures in susceptible populations.
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