ArticleJournal of viral hepatitis2022
VirA+EmiC project: Evaluating real-world effectiveness and sustainability of integrated routine opportunistic hepatitis B and C testing in a large urban emergency department.
Article in Journal of viral hepatitis, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- Blood-borne virus testing in European emergency departments: current evidence and service considerations.European journal of public health · 2025Pooled it
- Article
- Viral hepatitis detection through emergency hospital departments in a Spanish region with high immigration: implications for elimination strategies.Infectious diseases of poverty · 2026Observational
- Emergency Department Opt-Out Testing for Hepatitis B: A Two-Year UK Multicentre Evaluation of Outcomes Across Seven Sites.Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver · 2026Article
- How to Better Screen for Blood-Borne Viruses, Specifically HIV, in Hospital Emergency Departments: French and European Perspectives.Infectious diseases and therapy · 2026Review
- Elimination of HCV Infection: Recent Epidemiological Findings, Barriers, and Strategies for the Coming Years.Viruses · 2024Review
- Opportunistic screening using point-of-care testing leads to successful linkage to care of HBV-infected migrant populations in a low endemic country.Journal of virus eradication · 2024Article
- Emergency department contribution to HCV elimination in the Iberian Peninsula.International journal of emergency medicine · 2024Article
- Integrating viral hepatitis management into the emergency department: A further step towards viral hepatitis elimination.JHEP reports : innovation in hepatology · 2024Article
- Prevalence, characteristics and challenges of late HIV diagnosis in Germany: an expert narrative review.Infection · 2023Review
- The forgotten people: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection as a priority for the inclusion health agenda.eLife · 2023Article
- Universal testing for hepatitis B and hepatitis C in the emergency department: a cost-effectiveness and budget impact analysis of two urban hospitals in the United Kingdom.Cost effectiveness and resource allocation : C/E · 2022Article
- Real-world clinical effectiveness and sustainability of universal bloodborne virus testing in an urban emergency department in the UK.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- VirA+EmiC project: Evaluating real-world effectiveness and sustainability of integrated routine opportunistic hepatitis B and C testing in a large urban emergency department.Journal of viral hepatitis · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 8 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Innovative testing approaches and care pathways are required to meet global hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) elimination goals. Routine blood-borne virus (BBV) testing in emergency departments (EDs) in high-prevalence areas is suggested by the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) but there is limited evidence for this. Universal HIV testing in our ED according to UK guidance has been operational since 2015. We conducted a real-world service evaluation of a modified electronic patient record (EPR) system to include opportunistic opt-out HBV/reflex-HCV tests for any routine blood test orders for ED attendees aged ≥16 years. Reactive laboratory results were communicated directly to specialist clinical teams. Our model for contacting patients requiring linkage to care (new diagnoses/known but disengaged) evolved from initially primarily hospital-led to collaborating with regional health and community service networks. Over 11 months, 81,088 patients attended the ED; 36,865 (45.5%) had a blood test. Overall uptake for both HBV and HCV testing was 75%. Seroprevalence was 0.9% for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and 0.9% for HCV antigen (HCV-Ag). 79% of 140 successfully contacted HBsAg+patients required linkage to care, of which 87% engaged. 76% of 130 contactable HCV-Ag+patients required linkage, 52% engaged. Our results demonstrate effectiveness and sustainability of universal ED EPR opt-out HBV/HCV testing combined with comprehensive linkage to care pathways, allowing care provision particularly for marginalized at-risk groups with limited healthcare access. The findings support the ECDC BBV testing guidance and may inform future UK hepatitis testing guidance.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.