ArticleXenotransplantation2022
Progressive genetic modifications of porcine cardiac xenografts extend survival to 9 months.
Article in Xenotransplantation, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 69 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
69 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 131 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systematic Review and Comparative Outcomes Analysis of NHP Liver Allotransplants and Xenotransplants.XenotransplantationPooled it
- The Baboon as a Model to Study Human Health and Complex Disease.American journal of primatology · 2026Review
- Exploring primate immune responses to SLA-I/II knockdown pig xenografts in humanized mice and rhesus monkeys.Science China. Life sciences · 2026Article
- Gene-edited pig cardiac xenotransplantation as a bridge to allotransplantation in infants: Progress in a pig-to-baboon model.American journal of transplantation : official journal of the American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons · 2026Article
- Modern xenotransplantation: rewiring glycan-mediated immunogenicity via genome-glycome convergence.EBioMedicine · 2026Review
- Generation of exogenous kidneys via CRISPR/Cas9 mediated blastocyst complementation targeting Osr1 gene in mice.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Diffusion tensor imaging reveals myocardial architectural differences between porcine and primate hearts with potential implications for cardiac xenotransplantation.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Pediatric partial heart xenotransplantation as an early use case of xenograft tissue.Future cardiology · 2025Review
- Hypothermic machine perfusion prevents hyperacute graft loss in pig-to-primate kidney xenotransplantation after 5-hours of cold Ischemia.Communications medicine · 2025Article
- Early Results of an Infant Model of Orthotopic Cardiac Xenotransplantation.The Journal of heart and lung transplantation : the official publication of the International Society for Heart Transplantation · 2025Article
- Addressing glycan and hematological barriers in pig-to-nonhuman primate liver xenotransplantation: challenges and future directions.Clinical transplantation and research · 2025Review
- Transplantation of a genetically modified porcine heart into a live human.Nature medicine · 2025Article
- Genetically engineered pig heart transplantation in non-human primates.Communications medicine · 2025Article
- Genetically modified pigs with α1,3-galactosyltransferase knockout and beyond: a comprehensive review of xenotransplantation strategies.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Use of regulatory cells for achieving functional tolerance of pig heart xenotransplants in humans: a literature review.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Allogeneic, Xenogeneic, and Exogenic Hearts for Transplantation.Methodist DeBakey cardiovascular journal · 2025Review
- 2025: status of cardiac xenotransplantation including preclinical models.Frontiers in transplantation · 2025Review
- Cytotoxic Responses Mediated by NK Cells and Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes in Xenotransplantation.Transplant international : official journal of the European Society for Organ Transplantation · 2025Review
- Extended survival of 9- and 10-gene-edited pig heart xenografts with ischemia minimization and CD154 costimulation blockade-based immunosuppression.The Journal of heart and lung transplantation : the official publication of the International Society for Heart Transplantation · 2024Article
- The Time Has Come: The Case for Initiating Pilot Clinical Trials of Pig Kidney Xenotransplantation.Annals of surgery · 2024Article
9 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
25 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
We report orthotopic (life-supporting) survival of genetically engineered porcine cardiac xenografts (with six gene modifications) for almost 9 months in baboon recipients. This work builds on our previously reported heterotopic cardiac xenograft (three gene modifications) survival up to 945 days with an anti-CD40 monoclonal antibody-based immunosuppression. In this current study, life-supporting xenografts containing multiple human complement regulatory, thromboregulatory, and anti-inflammatory proteins, in addition to growth hormone receptor knockout (KO) and carbohydrate antigen KOs, were transplanted in the baboons. Selective "multi-gene" xenografts demonstrate survival greater than 8 months without the requirement of adjunctive medications and without evidence of abnormal xenograft thickness or rejection. These data demonstrate that selective "multi-gene" modifications improve cardiac xenograft survival significantly and may be foundational for paving the way to bridge transplantation in humans.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.