SynthesisWorld journal of urology2022
Generated temperatures and thermal laser damage during upper tract endourological procedures using the holmium: yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Ho:YAG) laser: a systematic review of experimental studies.
Synthesis in World journal of urology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Defining the safe operational window for holmium laser lithotripsy in impacted ureteral stones: an analysis of power, operator duty cycle, and irrigation flow.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Effect of Conventional Versus Flexible and Navigable Suction Ureteral Access Sheaths on Ureteral Temperature Modulation During High-power Ho:YAG Laser Lithotripsy: An In Vitro Evaluation.European urology open science · 2026Article
- Article
- Harnessing hollow Prussian blue nanozymes for efficient photothermal lithotripsy while protecting the kidneys from oxidative stress injury.Materials today. Bio · 2025Article
- Iatrogenic upper urinary tract injuries during ureteroscopy for urolithiasis: a comprehensive review on incidence, mechanisms and preventative strategies.Nature reviews. Urology · 2025Review
- Ho: YAG and thulium fiber lasers exhibit comparable temperature distribution: an in vitro evaluation of thermal safety distances for endourological applications-section of EAU endourology.World journal of urology · 2025Article
- Impact of negative-pressure ureteral access sheath on preventing "boiled ureter" during holmium laser lithotripsy.World journal of urology · 2025Article
- Renal and ureteral temperatures changes during ureteroscopic pulsed thulium: YAG laser lithotripsy: anCentral European journal of urology · 2025Article
- Factors affecting the thermal effects of lasers in lithotripsy: A literature review.Asian journal of urology · 2025Review
- An innovative application of the holmium laser: a case report of hysteroscopic holmium laser proximal fallopian tubal occlusion.American journal of translational research · 2025Article
- Temperature profile during endourological laser activation: introducing the thermal safety distance concept.World journal of urology · 2024Article
- Prevention of complications in endourological management of stones: What are the basic measures needed before, during, and after interventions?Asian journal of urology · 2024Review
- WATTS happening? Evaluation of thermal dose during holmium laser lithotripsy in a high-fidelity anatomic model.World journal of urology · 2024Article
- Experts' recommendations in laser use for the treatment of urolithiasis: a comprehensive guide by the European Section of Uro-Technology (ESUT) and Training-Research in Urological Surgery and Technology (T.R.U.S.T.)-Group.World journal of urology · 2024Article
- Experts' recommendations in laser use for the treatment of upper tract urothelial carcinoma: a comprehensive guide by the European Section of Uro-Technology (ESUT) and Training Research in Urological Surgery and Technology (T.R.U.S.T.) group.World journal of urology · 2023Article
- Endourological Options for Small (< 2 cm) Lower Pole Stones - Does the Lower Pole Angle Matter?Current urology reports · 2023Review
- A Good Craftsperson Knows Their Tools: Understanding of Laser and Ureter Mechanics in Training Urologists.Journal of lasers in medical sciences · 2023Article
- Quadrifecta during retrograde intrarenal surgery: suction, irrigation, intrarenal temperature and pressure: achieving best clinical outcomes - an overview from EAU Endourology.Therapeutic advances in urologyArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeTo perform a review on the latest evidence related to generated temperatures during Ho:YAG laser use, and present different tools to maintain decreased values, and minimize complication rates during endourological procedures.
methodsWe performed a literature search using PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials-CENTRAL, restricted to original English-written articles, including animal, artificial model, and human studies. Different keywords were URS, RIRS, ureteroscopy, percutaneous, PCNL, and laser.
resultsThermal dose (t43) is an acceptable tool to assess possible thermal damage using the generated temperature and the time of laser exposure. A t43 value of more than 120 min leads to a high risk of thermal tissue injury and at temperatures higher than 43 °C Ho:YAG laser use becomes hazardous due to an exponentially increased cytotoxic effect. Using open continuous flow, or chilled irrigation, temperatures remain lower than 45 °C. By utilizing high-power (> 40 W) or shorter laser pulse, temperatures rise above the accepted threshold, but adding a ureteral access sheath (UAS) helps to maintain acceptable values.
conclusionsOpen irrigation systems, chilled irrigation, UASs, laser power < 40 W, and shorter on/off laser activation intervals help to keep intrarenal temperatures at accepted values during URS and PCNL.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.