ArticleScientific reports2022
Gluten consumption and inflammation affect the development of celiac disease in at-risk children.
Article in Scientific reports, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 23 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Plasma Alkylresorcinols Is an Objective Biomarker for Gluten Intake in Young Children.The Journal of nutrition · 2025Trial
- Glucometabolic Control and Anti-Transglutaminase Antibodies at Celiac Disease Onset in Type 1 Diabetes Youth.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2026Observational
- Gene-Environment Interactions in Celiac Disease: The Role of the Intestinal Epithelium.Lifestyle genomics · 2026Review
- Mechanisms of inflammation in premature ovarian insufficiency and advances in therapeutic studies.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Celiac disease and metabolic syndrome: from risk to a preventive opportunity, in the perspective of children's health.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Review
- Innate immune dysregulation in celiac disease and refractory celiac disease: mechanisms, management and emerging therapies.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Bifidobacterium longum Ameliorates Intestinal Inflammation and Metabolic Biomarkers in Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet with Gliadin by Indoleacrylic Acid.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2025Article
- Evaluation of Nailfold Capillaroscopic Findings in Pediatric Patients with Celiac Disease: A Cross-Sectional and Comparative Study.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Cellular Recovery and Body Composition Changes in Pediatric Celiac Disease After the Start of a Gluten-Free Diet: A Prospective Cohort Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Immunological biomarkers at birth and later risk of celiac disease.BMC gastroenterology · 2025Article
- Celiac Disease: Beyond Diet and Food Awareness.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Non-Host Factors Influencing Onset and Severity of Celiac Disease.Gastroenterology · 2024Review
- Changes upon the gluten-free diet of HLA-DQ2 and TRAFD1 gene expression in peripheral blood of celiac disease patients.Journal of translational autoimmunity · 2024Article
- IL-10-producing regulatory cells impact on celiac disease evolution.Clinical immunology (Orlando, Fla.) · 2024Article
- Coeliac disease: what can we learn from prospective studies about disease risk?The Lancet. Child & adolescent health · 2024Review
- Review
- Associations of dietary patterns between age 9 and 24 months with risk of celiac disease autoimmunity and celiac disease among children at increased risk.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2023Article
- Body composition in pediatric celiac disease and metabolic syndrome component risk-an observational study.Pediatric research · 2023Observational
- Intervention strategies in early childhood to prevent celiac disease-a mini-review.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Gene expression, lipidomic and growth impairment findings suggest that the natural history of celiac disease (CD) starts before the gluten-induced immune response. Gluten intake in the first years of life is a controversial risk factor. We aimed to estimate the risk of developing CD associated with the amount of gluten intake and the serum inflammatory profile in genetically predisposed infants. From an Italian cohort of children at risk for CD, we enrolled 27 children who developed CD (cases) and 56 controls matched by sex and age. A dietary interview at 9, 12, 18, 24 and 36 months was performed. Serum cytokines (INFγ, IL1β, IL2, IL4, IL6, IL10 IL12p70, IL17, and TNFα) were analysed at 4 and 36 months. Infants who developed CD by 6 years showed an increase in serum cytokines (INFγ, IL1β, IL2, IL6, IL10, IL12p70 and TNFα) at 4 months of age before gluten introduction. CD cases ate significantly more gluten in the second year of life than controls, and gluten intake in the second year of life was strongly correlated with serum cytokines (INFγ, IL2, IL4, IL12p70, IL17) at 36 months only in CD cases. The dietary pattern of infants who developed CD was characterized by high consumption of biscuits and fruit juices and low intake of milk products, legumes, vegetables and fruits. Genetically predisposed infants who developed CD showed a unique serum cytokine profile at 4 months before gluten consumption. The amount of gluten was strongly correlated with an inflammatory profile in serum cytokines at 36 months only in infants who developed CD.
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