SynthesisRMD open2022
Smoking, alcohol consumption and disease-specific outcomes in rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases (RMDs): systematic reviews informing the 2021 EULAR recommendations for lifestyle improvements in people with RMDs.
Synthesis in RMD open, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 76 citations in OpenAlex.
- Beverage consumption on bone and joint disorders: an umbrella review.Journal of global health · 2025Pooled it
- Smoking in primary headaches - a systematic review and meta-analysis.The journal of headache and pain · 2025Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Efficacy of lifestyle interventions in the management of systemic lupus erythematosus: a systematic review of the literature.Rheumatology international · 2024Pooled it
- Reduction of disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis by tocotrienol-rich fraction supplementation: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.European journal of nutrition · 2025Trial
- Trial
- Physical Activity or Exercise: Is there any Difference in Common Symptoms and Quality of Life Among Female Patients with Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Diseases? A Qualitative Study.Mediterranean journal of rheumatology · 2026Article
- Unmasking hidden pathways: how household air pollution and lifestyle are associated with quality of life in Yunnan outpatients.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Diet, Lifestyle Factors, and Quality of Life in Patients with Rheumatic Diseases: A Cross-Sectional Study.Nutrients · 2025Article
- Identification of age-specific risk factors for hyperuricemia: a machine learning-driven stratified analysis in health examination cohorts.BMC medical informatics and decision making · 2025Article
- Risk of incident gout in rheumatoid arthritis from a nationwide cohort study in South Korea.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Association of nut consumption and sarcopenia in Chinese older adults.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- The risks of autoimmune inflammatory outcomes in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2: a longitudinal, population-based cohort study.International journal of surgery (London, England) · 2025Article
- Factors associated with long-term opioid use among patients with axial spondyloarthritis or psoriatic arthritis who initiate opioids.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2025Article
- Breaking research silos to achieve equitable precision medicine in rheumatology.Nature reviews. Rheumatology · 2025Review
- Causal relationships between air pollution and common autoimmune diseases: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Global trends in smoking-attributable rheumatoid arthritis burden: Insights from GBD 2021.PloS one · 2025Article
- Genetic Commonalities Between Metabolic Syndrome and Rheumatic Diseases Through Disease Interactome Modules.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2025Article
- Functional disability and disease activity are affected by social determinants of health in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.Clinical rheumatology · 2024Article
- Efficacy and Safety of Tofacitinib in Patients with Psoriatic Arthritis or Ankylosing Spondylitis by Cigarette Smoking Status.Rheumatology and therapy · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
20 authors at 17 institutions in 12 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundA EULAR taskforce was convened to develop recommendations for lifestyle behaviours in rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases (RMDs). The aim of this paper was to review the literature on the relationship between smoking and alcohol consumption with regard to RMD-specific outcomes.
methodsTwo systematic reviews were conducted to identify systematic reviews and meta-analyses, published between 2013 and 2018, related to smoking and alcohol consumption in seven RMDs: osteoarthritis (OA), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematosus, axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA), psoriatic arthritis (PsA), systemic sclerosis (SSc) and gout. Two additional systematic reviews were performed to identify original longitudinal studies on smoking and alcohol consumption and disease-specific outcomes.
resultsNine reviews and 65 original studies on smoking as well as two reviews and 14 original studies on alcohol consumption met the inclusion criteria. While most studies were moderate/poor quality, smoking was significantly associated with poorer outcomes: cardiovascular comorbidity; poorer response to RA treatment; higher disease activity and severity in early RA; axSpA radiographic progression. Results were heterogeneous for OA while there was limited evidence for PsA, SSc and gout. Available studies on alcohol mainly focused on RA, reporting a positive association between alcohol intake and radiographic progression. Five studies assessed alcohol consumption in gout, reporting a significant association between the number and type of alcoholic beverages and the occurrence of flares.
conclusionCurrent literature supports that smoking has a negative impact on several RMD-specific outcomes and that moderate or high alcohol consumption is associated with increased risk of flares in RA and gout.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.