ArticleMilitary Medical Research2022
Small molecules facilitate single factor-mediated sweat gland cell reprogramming.
Article in Military Medical Research, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- [Skin organoids: an emerging platform from three-dimensional construction to regenerative application].Zhonghua shao shang yu chuang mian xiu fu za zhi · 2026Review
- X-linked Recessive Ectodysplasin A Mutations Induced Hypohidrotic Ectodermal Dysplasia and Severe Atopic Dermatitis Successfully Treated with Dupilumab.Acta dermato-venereologica · 2026Article
- Advances in sweat gland organoids: construction, molecular mechanisms, and challenges.Stem cell research & therapy · 2025Review
- Cell and tissue reprogramming: Unlocking a new era in medical drug discovery.Pharmacological reviews · 2025Review
- Advances and applications of biomimetic biomaterials for endogenous skin regeneration.Bioactive materials · 2024Review
- Spatiotemporal multi-omics: exploring molecular landscapes in aging and regenerative medicine.Military Medical Research · 2024Review
- Cocktail Cell-Reprogrammed Hydrogel Microspheres Achieving Scarless Hair Follicle Regeneration.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2024Article
- Bioactive materials forBioactive materials · 2024Review
- Human urinary cells for functional wound healing with sweat gland restoration.Military Medical Research · 2023Article
- [Ten key points in the high-quality construction and development of the disciplinary system of wound repair with Chinese characteristics].Zhonghua shao shang yu chuang mian xiu fu za zhi · 2023Article
- Cellular rejuvenation: molecular mechanisms and potential therapeutic interventions for diseases.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundLarge skin defects severely disrupt the overall skin structure and can irreversibly damage sweat glands (SG), thus impairing the skin's physiological function. This study aims to develop a stepwise reprogramming strategy to convert fibroblasts into SG lineages, which may provide a promising method to obtain desirable cell types for the functional repair and regeneration of damaged skin.
methodsThe expression of the SG markers cytokeratin 5 (CK5), cytokeratin 10 (CK10), cytokeratin 18 (CK18), carcino-embryonic antigen (CEA), aquaporin 5 (AQP5) and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) was assessed with quantitative PCR (qPCR), immunofluorescence and flow cytometry. Calcium activity analysis was conducted to test the function of induced SG-like cells (iSGCs). Mouse xenograft models were also used to evaluate the in vivo regeneration of iSGCs. BALB/c nude mice were randomly divided into a normal group, SGM treatment group and iSGC transplantation group. Immunocytochemical analyses and starch-iodine sweat tests were used to confirm the in vivo regeneration of iSGCs.
resultsEDA overexpression drove HDF conversion into iSGCs in SG culture medium (SGM). qPCR indicated significantly increased mRNA levels of the SG markers CK5, CK18 and CEA in iSGCs, and flow cytometry data demonstrated (4.18 ± 0.04)% of iSGCs were CK5 positive and (4.36 ± 0.25)% of iSGCs were CK18 positive. The addition of chemical cocktails greatly accelerated the SG fate program. qPCR results revealed significantly increased mRNA expression of CK5, CK18 and CEA in iSGCs, as well as activation of the duct marker CK10 and luminal functional marker AQP5. Flow cytometry indicated, after the treatment of chemical cocktails, (23.05 ± 2.49)% of iSGCs expressed CK5
conclusionWe developed a SG reprogramming strategy to generate functional iSGCs from HDFs by using the single factor EDA in combination with SGM and small molecules. The generation of iSGCs has important implications for future in situ skin regeneration with SG restoration.
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