ArticleClinical drug investigation2022
Benefits of Treatment with Ginkgo Biloba Extract EGb 761 Alone or Combined with Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors in Vascular Dementia.
Article in Clinical drug investigation, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy and safety of ginkgo biloba extract combined with donepezil hydrochloride in the treatment of Chinese patients with vascular dementia: A systematic review meta-analysis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Pooled it
- Effectiveness and safety of ginkgo biloba preparations in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2023Pooled it
- EGb761 suppressed vascular dementia via modulating Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway-induced apoptosis and autophagy in hippocampal neuronal cells.European journal of medical research · 2025Article
- Hepatoprotective mechanisms of ginkgo-Biloba and dandelion extracts: antioxidant activity and modulation of TNF-α and P53 pathways in Thioacetamide-induced liver injury.Toxicology research · 2025Article
- The Role of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Vascular Dementia.Cells · 2025Review
- Natural drug delivery systems for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.Molecular biology reports · 2025Review
- Review
- A review of SaiLuoTong (MLC-SLT) development in vascular cognitive impairment and dementia.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Review
- Early intervention and adding effective doses of EGb761 likeFrontiers in neurology · 2023Article
- A pilot randomized controlled trial of WeiNaoKang (SaiLuoTong) in treating vascular dementia.Aging medicine (Milton (N.S.W)) · 2022Article
- Palm Oil Derived Tocotrienol-Rich Fraction Attenuates Vascular Dementia in Type 2 Diabetic Rats.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundVascular dementia (VaD) is the most severe manifestation of cognitive impairment caused by cerebrovascular disease. There are currently no specific drug treatments approved for VaD, with cholinesterase inhibitors (AChEI) being frequently used in VaD. However, the benefits they provide are small and short-lived. The standardized extract of Ginkgo biloba EGb 761 has demonstrated protective properties against neuronal and vascular damage and has been used as a pharmacological treatment for VaD.
objectivesThis study aims to study the efficacy of EGb 761 alone and in combination with AChEI in a real-life setting. We carried out a retrospective analysis of data over a 12-month period in a sample of people suffering from VaD.
methodsWe retrospectively identified 77 patients with a diagnosis of VaD who had received treatment with any of the following drugs: Ginkgo biloba extract EGb 761 (240 mg daily), donepezil (10 mg daily), galantamine (16 or 24 mg daily), or rivastigmine patch (9.5 or 13.3 mg daily). Subjects were divided into three groups according to the treatment they had received: EGb 761 alone (n = 25), AChEI alone (n = 26), and EGb 761+AChEI (n = 26). Cognitive functioning was assessed by Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT), Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT), Boston Naming Test (BNT), Trail Making Test forms A (TMTA) and B (TMTB), Letter (LFT) and Category Fluency Test (CFT); neuropsychiatric symptoms were assessed by the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI); functional capacity was assessed by Interview for Deterioration in Daily Living (IDDD).
resultsA statistically significant improvement was observed in the EGb 761 group versus the AChEI group at 12 months' follow-up in CFT (+1.74, p < 0.001), TMTA (-17.91, p = 0.031) and NPI (-5.89, p < 0.001). With regard to the combined treatment, a statistically significant improvement was shown in the EGb 761 plus AChEI treatment group versus AChEI group at the 12-month follow-up in MMSE (+2.0, p = 0.001), RAVLT (+2.23, p = 0.007), CFT (+1.15, p = 0.013), TMTA (-19.92, p = 0.012), TMTB (-46.50, p < 0.001) and NPI (-6.77, p < 0.001). In the same line, a statistically significant improvement was observed in the EGb 761 plus AChEI treatment group versus EGb 761 at 12-month follow-up regarding MMSE (+2.11, p = 0.001), RAVLT (+2.35, p = 0.004) and TMTB (-25.25, p = 0.015).
conclusionAfter 12 months of treatment EGb 761 alone or combined with AChEI showed cognitive and behavioral benefits in patients suffering from VaD. This study thus provides additional real-world evidence for the combined use of EGb 761 and anti-dementia drugs in VaD patients.
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