ArticleArchives of microbiology2022
Effects of heavy metals on growth and biofilm-producing abilities of Salmonella enterica isolated from Tunisia.
Article in Archives of microbiology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Heavy Metal and Petroleum Hydrocarbon Contaminants Promote Resistance and Biofilm Formation inMicroorganisms · 2025Article
- Rapid serotype-independent differential detection of biofilm-positive and biofilm-negativeOne health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2025Article
- Trace elements increase replicability of microbial growth.Open biology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
This study aims to test the toxicity of some metallic elements on Salmonella enterica strains and their power to grow and to develop a biofilm to overcome this environmental stress. From 50 selected strains of Salmonella, 70% belong to the Kentucky serotypes that is the most frequent one, followed by the other serotypes such as Amsterdam 6%, anatum 4%, derby 4% Enteritidis 4%, Zanzibar 4%, typhyrimium 2%, gallinaruim 2%, inbondaka 2% and Newport 2%. All the strains have presented the invA invasion gene involved in the virulence and Salmonella infection. Genotypic BOX-PCR analysis of these strains showed 18 profiles, with a discrimination index of 0.93. The Salmonella growth has mainly revealed that the variation of the rates of different metallic elements showed a significant influence on the Salmonella growth. The qualitative, quantitative study and biofilm tubes showed that 40% of the strains have a strong capacity to form biofilm, and the wild-type phenotypes (RDAR; rigid film; Strong), This phenotype varies according to the nature and the concentration of the metal (0.1 mM-1 mM) considered. In the presence of copper, zinc, cobalt, and chromium, the Salmonella strains showed a potent capacity to form a biofilm with a slight variation in the wild-type phenotype. However, when chromium rates increased, Salmonella loses the RDAR morphotype. Addition of mercury and cadmium in the growth medium reduced the production of Salmonella biofilm by around 14 and 15%, respectively, if compared with the control free of metals.
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Registered trials
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