ArticleEuropean heart journal2022
Middle age serum sodium levels in the upper part of normal range and risk of heart failure.
Article in European heart journal, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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24 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 48 citations in OpenAlex.
- Fluid restriction vs liberal intake in patients with heart failure: a meta-analysis of randomized trials.ESC heart failure · 2026Pooled it
- Serum sodium, tonicity, and risk of dementia in cohort and healthcare populations.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Article
- Burden of heart failure in Asian Countries from 1990 to 2021: Update from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.PloS one · 2026Article
- Sociodemographic determinants of health care in heart failure mortality in Mexico, 019 and 2023.Revista brasileira de epidemiologia = Brazilian journal of epidemiology · 2026Article
- Osmolality as a predictor of mortality in a community setting of heart failure population with a normal range of serum sodium: a classification and regression tree analysis.Journal of thoracic disease · 2025Article
- Article
- Hydration and health at ages 40-70 years in Salzburg Austria is associated with a median total water intake over 40 mL/kg including at least 1 L/d plain drinking water.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Sirtuin 3 modulation by high phosphates: a potential mechanism in muscle aging and sarcopenia.American journal of translational research · 2025Article
- Exploring the association between tissue sodium content, heart failure subtypes, and symptom burden: insights from magnetic resonance imaging.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2025Article
- Effects of Physiological-Scale Variation in Cations, pH, and Temperature on the Calibration of Electrochemical Aptamer-Based Sensors.ACS sensors · 2024Article
- Association between predicted level of water turnover deficit and all-cause and cause-specific mortalities among Japanese adults: The Japan Collaborative Cohort Study.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2024Article
- New Insights into the Assessment of Peri-Operative Risk in Women Undergoing Surgery for Gynecological Neoplasms: A Call for a New Tool.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2024Review
- The Effect of Thiazide Diuretics on Urinary Prostaglandin E2 Excretion and Serum Sodium in the General Population.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2024Article
- Association of baseline serum sodium with long-term outcomes in newly diagnosed coronary heart disease patients without heart failure: a prospective cohort study.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- QuantitativeMagma (New York, N.Y.) · 2024Article
- A study on the early metabolic effects of salt and fructose consumption: the protective role of water.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2024Article
- Sufficient water intake maintains the gut microbiota and immune homeostasis and promotes pathogen elimination.iScience · 2024Article
- Association between Urine Specific Gravity as a Measure of Hydration Status and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes: The Kailuan Prospective Cohort Study.Nutrients · 2024Article
- Long-term health outcomes associated with hydration status.Nature reviews. Nephrology · 2024Review
- The Importance of Optimal Hydration in Patients with Heart Failure-Not Always Too Much Fluid.Biomedicines · 2023Review
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Funding
Abstract
aimsWith increasing prevalence of heart failure (HF) owing to the ageing population, identification of modifiable risk factors is important. In a mouse model, chronic hypohydration induced by lifelong water restriction promotes cardiac fibrosis. Hypohydration elevates serum sodium. Here, we evaluate the association of serum sodium at middle age as a measure of hydration habits with risk to develop HF. METHODS AND
resultsWe analysed data from Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study with middle age enrolment (45-66 years) and 25 years of follow-up. Participants without water balance dysregulation were selected: serum sodium within normal range (135-146 mmol/L), not diabetic, not obese and free of HF at baseline (N = 11 814). In time-to-event analysis, HF risk was increased by 39% if middle age serum sodium exceeded 143 mmol/L corresponding to 1% body weight water deficit [hazard ratio 1.39, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.14-1.70]. In a retrospective case-control analysis performed on 70- to 90-year-old attendees of Visit 5 (N = 4961), serum sodium of 142.5-143 mmol/L was associated with 62% increase in odds of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) diagnosis [odds ratio (OR) 1.62, 95% CI 1.03-2.55]. Serum sodium above 143 mmol/L was associated with 107% increase in odds of LVH (OR 2.07, 95% CI 1.30-3.28) and 54% increase in odds of HF (OR 1.54, 95% CI 1.06-2.23). As a result, prevalence of HF and LVH was increased among 70- to 90-year-old participants with higher middle age serum sodium.
conclusionMiddle age serum sodium above 142 mmol is a risk factor for LVH and HF. Maintaining good hydration throughout life may slow down decline in cardiac function and decrease prevalence of HF.
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