SynthesisInflammopharmacology2022
Role of triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 (TREM-1) in COVID-19 and other viral pneumonias: a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical studies.
Synthesis in Inflammopharmacology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Endotheliopathy in Acute COVID-19 and Long COVID.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Pooled it
- COVID-19 vaccination shifts neutrophils toward a mixed activated and regulatory phenotype in patients with severe disease.Molecular biology reports · 2026Observational
- Shortened PGLYRP1 Peptides Regulate Antitumor Activity of Cytotoxic Lymphocytes via TREM-1 Receptor: From Biology to Bioinformatics.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Article
- Host Response Protein Biomarkers Indicative of Persistent Acute Kidney Injury in Critically Ill COVID-19 Patients.Critical care explorations · 2025Article
- Immune Stimulation with Imiquimod to Best Face SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Prevent Long COVID.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Changes in the innate immune response to SARS-CoV-2 with advancing age in humans.Immunity & ageing : I & A · 2024Article
- Obesity in Severe COVID-19 Patients Has a Distinct Innate Immune Phenotype.Biomedicines · 2023Article
- Association of sTREM-1 and Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio as Prognostic Markers in COVID-19 Short- and Long-Term Mortality.Journal of inflammation research · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundTriggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 (TREM-1) has emerged as an important inflammatory marker of immune response associated with severity and mortality outcomes in infection diseases, including viral pneumonias.
aim(1) To evaluate the expression of TREM-1 in patients with COVID-19 and other viral pneumonias compared to healthy individuals; and (2) to analyze the levels of these biomarkers according to disease severity. MATERIALS AND
methodsThis review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guideline. Searches were performed in PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Google Scholar. Studies were considered eligible if they were observational studies that provided data on the levels of TREM-1 in humans with viral pneumonia compared to healthy controls. The results of the meta-analysis were expressed as standardized mean difference (SMD) and an effect size of 0.8 was considered a large effect. A subgroup analysis was performed according to the disease severity.
resultsSeven studies were included in this systematic review. Four studies included patients with COVID-19 and three analyzed patients with different viruses. The meta-analysis was performed only with patients with COVID-19, which showed increased levels of soluble form of TREM-1 (sTREM-1) among patients with COVID-19 compared to healthy controls (SMD 1.53; 95% CI 0.53-2.52; p < 0.01). No differences were found between patients with mild-to-moderate COVID-19 and healthy controls, but higher levels of sTREM-1 were shown among patients with severe COVID-19 (SMD 1.83; 95% CI 0.77-2.88; p < 0.01). All three studies including patients with other viral pneumonias showed that TREM-1 levels were significantly elevated in infected patients compared with controls.
conclusionThese findings may provide evidence on the pro-inflammatory role of TREM-1 in these infections, contributing to the inflammatory profile and disease progression.
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