ArticleBMJ open diabetes research & care2022
Comparison of cognitive function in older adults with type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, and no diabetes: results from the Study of Longevity in Diabetes (SOLID).
Article in BMJ open diabetes research & care, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- Clinical and Metabolic Predictors of Cognitive Impairment in Type 1 Diabetes: The Role of Peripheral Neuropathy and Hypoglycaemia Unawareness. Findings From a HAD-1 Study.Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews · 2026Article
- Challenges and Opportunities for Improving Care for Type 1 Diabetes in Older Adulthood.Diabetes care · 2026Review
- Preparing to Meet the Needs of a Growing Older Adult Population with Type 1 Diabetes: A Narrative Review.Journal of general internal medicine · 2026Review
- Attenuation of mGluR1/5-dependent synaptic plasticity and ERK pathway dysfunction in the hippocampus of diabetic rats.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2026Article
- Longitudinal changes in cognitive function and its related factors in older type 1 diabetes mellitus patients without dementia.Journal of diabetes investigation · 2025Article
- Article
- Neuropathological changes in the nucleus basalis of Meynert in people with type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus.Acta neuropathologica · 2025Article
- Cognitive decline and diabetes in the clinical setting.Medicine and pharmacy reports · 2025Article
- Challenges of Glycemic Control in People With Diabetes and Advanced Kidney Disease and the Potential of Automated Insulin Delivery.Journal of diabetes science and technology · 2024Review
- Food Insecurity and Hypoglycemia among Older Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Treated with Insulin or Sulfonylureas: The Diabetes & Aging Study.Journal of general internal medicine · 2024Article
- Increased incidence of neurodegenerative diseases in Finnish individuals with type 1 diabetes.BMJ open diabetes research & care · 2024Observational
- Cognitive Function during and after Pregnancy and One-Year Postpartum in Type 1 Diabetes: A Longitudinal Study.Nutrients · 2024Article
- Global cognition and executive functions of older adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus without dementia.Journal of diabetes investigation · 2024Article
- Cognitive dysfunction in diabetes-related foot complications: A cohort study.Journal of diabetes and metabolic disorders · 2024Article
- Barriers and Facilitators of Self-Management in Older People with Type 1 Diabetes: A Narrative Review Focusing on Cognitive Impairment.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2024Review
- [Cognition and depression in older people with diabetes].Der Nervenarzt · 2024Review
- Diabetic Encephalopathy: Role of Oxidative and Nitrosative Factors in Type 2 Diabetes.Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB · 2024Review
- Severe hypoglycemia and falls in older adults with diabetes: The Diabetes & Aging Study.Diabetes epidemiology and managementArticle
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
introductionThe incidence of both type 1 diabetes (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) is increasing. Life expectancy is improving in T1D, resulting in a growing population of elderly adults with diabetes. While it is well established that older adults with T2D are at increased risk of cognitive impairment, little is known regarding cognitive aging in T1D and how their cognitive profiles may differ from T2D. RESEARCH DESIGN AND
methodsWe compared baseline cognitive function and low cognitive function by diabetes status (n=734 T1D, n=232 T2D, n=247 without diabetes) among individuals from the Study of Longevity in Diabetes (mean age=68). We used factor analysis to group cognition into five domains and a composite measure of total cognition. Using linear and logistic regression models, we examined the associations between diabetes type and cognitive function, adjusting for demographics, comorbidities, depression, and sleep quality.
resultsT1D was associated with lower scores on total cognition, language, executive function/psychomotor processing speed, and verbal episodic memory, and greater odds of low executive function/psychomotor processing speed (OR=2.99, 95% CI 1.66 to 5.37) and verbal episodic memory (OR=1.92, 95% CI 1.07 to 3.46), compared with those without diabetes. T2D was associated with lower scores on visual episodic memory. Compared with T2D, T1D was associated with lower scores on verbal episodic memory and executive function/psychomotor processing speed and greater odds of low executive function/psychomotor processing speed (OR=1.74, 95% CI 1.03 to 2.92).
conclusionsOlder adults with T1D had significantly poorer cognition compared with those with T2D and those without diabetes even after accounting for a range of comorbidities. Future studies should delineate how to reduce risk in this vulnerable population who are newly surviving to old age.
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