ArticleBMC pulmonary medicine2022
The economic burden of pulmonary arterial hypertension in Spain.
Article in BMC pulmonary medicine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Exploring the Economic Burden of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension and Its Relation to Disease Severity and Treatment Escalation: A Systematic Literature Review.PharmacoEconomics · 2025Pooled it
- The Clinical and Economic Burden of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in Israel, 2014-2022: A Retrospective Analysis of Healthcare Costs and Utilization.Pulmonary circulation · 2026Article
- Article
- Article
- Economic and Social Burden of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in Italy: A Cost-of-Illness Study.Drugs - real world outcomes · 2025Article
- Risk Assessment Models and Event-Free Survival in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension.Pulmonary circulation · 2025Article
- A systematic review of the current application status of decision-analytical models in the pharmacoeconomic evaluation of targeted therapies for pulmonary arterial hypertension.Cost effectiveness and resource allocation : C/E · 2025Article
- Pulmonary Hypertension: Pharmacological and Non-Pharmacological Therapies.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Assessing the clinical benefit, safety, and patient-reported outcomes with the use of the PAHcare™ digital platform in pulmonary arterial hypertension: a pilot study.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- A claims-based, machine-learning algorithm to identify patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension.Pulmonary circulation · 2023Article
- Can self-compassion help us better understand the impact of pulmonary hypertension on those with the condition and their carers? A cross-sectional analysis.Pulmonary circulation · 2023Article
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8 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPulmonary Arterial Hypertension (PAH) is a rare, debilitating, and potentially fatal disease. This study aims to quantify the economic burden of PAH in Spain.
methodsThe study was conducted from a societal perspective, including direct and indirect costs associated with incident and prevalent patients. Average annual costs per patient were estimated by multiplying the number of resources consumed by their unit cost, differentiating the functional class (FC) of the patient. Total annual costs per FC were also calculated, taking the 2020 prevalence and incidence ranges into account. An expert committee validated the information on resource consumption and provided primary information on pharmacological consumption. Unit costs were estimated using official tariffs and salaries in Spain. A deterministic sensitivity analysis was conducted to test the uncertainty of the model.
resultsThe average annual total cost was estimated at €98,839 per prevalent patient (FC I-II: €65,233; FC III: €103,736; FC IV: €208,821), being €42,110 for incident patients (FC I-II: €25,666; FC III: €44,667; FC IV: €95,188). The total annual cost of PAH in Spain, taking into account a prevalence between 16.0 and 25.9 cases per million adult inhabitants (FC I-II 31.8%; FC III 61.3%; FC IV 6.9%) and an incidence of 3.7, was estimated at €67,891,405 to €106,131,626, depending on the prevalence considered. Direct healthcare costs accounted for 64% of the total cost, followed by indirect costs (24%), and direct non-healthcare costs (12%). The total costs associated with patients in FC I-II ranged between €14,161,651 and €22,193,954, while for patients in FC III costs ranged between €43,763,019 and €68,391,651, and for patients in FC IV between €9,966,735 and €15,546,021. In global terms, patients with the worst functional status (FC IV) account for only 6.9% of the adults suffering from PAH in Spain, but are responsible for 14.7% of the total costs.
conclusionsPAH places a considerable economic burden on patients and their families, the healthcare system, and society as a whole. Efforts must be made to improve the health and management of these patients since the early stages of the disease.
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