ReviewEClinicalMedicine2022
The economics of vision impairment and its leading causes: A systematic review.
Review in EClinicalMedicine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 80 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
80 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Global estimates on the number of people blind or visually impaired by cataract: a meta-analysis from 2000 to 2020.Eye (London, England) · 2024Pooled it
- Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor biosimilars for neovascular age-related macular degeneration.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2024Pooled it
- Evaluating the Quantity and Quality of Health Economic Literature in Blinding Childhood Disorders: A Systematic Literature Review.PharmacoEconomics · 2024Pooled it
- The case for investment in eye health: systematic review and economic modelling analysis.Bulletin of the World Health Organization · 2023Pooled it
- Twelve-Year Incidence, Causes, and Determinants of Visual Impairment and Visual Improvement in a Multiethnic Asian Population: The Singapore Epidemiology of Eye Diseases Study.Ophthalmology science · 2026Article
- Global Ophthalmology Research Output Relative to Disease Burden and National Income, 2011-2021.Vision (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Global and Regional Burden of Refraction Disorders In Children, Adolescents and Young Adults from 1990 to 2021: Trends, Inequalities and Future Predictions with Machine Learning.Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) · 2026Article
- An economic analysis of postoperative cataract consultation using remote self-assessment.PLOS digital health · 2026Article
- Modalities of vision restoration in optic neuropathies and retinal disease.Progress in retinal and eye research · 2026Review
- Economic burden of blindness and moderate to severe vision impairment in Slovenia.Health economics review · 2026Article
- CD5L promotes efferocytosis and resolution of retinal ischemic injury.Cell death & disease · 2026Article
- Accelerometer-derived "weekend warrior" physical activity pattern and risk of age-related eye diseases: a prospective cohort study.Eye and vision (London, England) · 2026Article
- The Relationship of the Red Cell Distribution Width-to-Albumin Ratio and Other Inflammatory Markers With Cataracts: An Analysis of the NHANES Population.Translational vision science & technology · 2026Article
- Healthy Dietary Patterns and Risk of Major Eye Diseases: Evidence From Nationally Population-Based Data and Bibliometric Analysis.Food science & nutrition · 2026Article
- Visual acuity problems, access to care, and related academic performance among primary school students in Tanzania: a mixed methods study.Vulnerable children and youth studies · 2026Article
- Continuity of care and risk of vision loss in patients with newly developed macular degeneration.Acta ophthalmologica · 2026Article
- Global, regional and national burden of glaucoma from 1990 to 2021 and projections to 2050: a retrospective cross-sectional study.BMJ open · 2026Article
- VG-RETFound: a hybrid retinal AI framework for early vision impairment screening through vessel-graph learning and cross-modal fusion.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Genetic testing and reproductive decision-making in Chinese families with inherited retinal disease: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Efficacy and safety of aflibercept biosimilars compared to aflibercept in the treatment of neovascular age-related macular degeneration: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
20 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
18 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Vision impairment (VI) can have wide ranging economic impact on individuals, households, and health systems. The aim of this systematic review was to describe and summarise the costs associated with VI and its major causes. We searched MEDLINE (16 November 2019), National Health Service Economic Evaluation Database, the Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects and the Health Technology Assessment database (12 December 2019) for partial or full economic evaluation studies, published between 1 January 2000 and the search dates, reporting cost data for participants with VI due to an unspecified cause or one of the seven leading causes globally: cataract, uncorrected refractive error, diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration, corneal opacity, trachoma. The search was repeated on 20 January 2022 to identify studies published since our initial search. Included studies were quality appraised using the British Medical Journal Checklist for economic submissions adapted for cost of illness studies. Results were synthesized in a structured narrative. Of the 138 included studies, 38 reported cost estimates for VI due to an unspecified cause and 100 reported costs for one of the leading causes. These 138 studies provided 155 regional cost estimates. Fourteen studies reported global data; 103/155 (66%) regional estimates were from high-income countries. Costs were most commonly reported using a societal (
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.