ReviewNature reviews. Genetics2022
Human organs-on-chips for disease modelling, drug development and personalized medicine.
Review in Nature reviews. Genetics, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 751 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
751 citing papers in PubMed, 1,288 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Reconstructing AF-associated atrial fibrosis: Patient-specific iPSC models, fit-for-purpose atrial microphysiological systems, and nanomedicine.Materials today. Bio · 2026Review
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- In Vivo Direct Reprogramming: Current Progress and Future Prospects from Mechanisms to Therapeutic Application.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- Role of the Blood-Brain Barrier in the Pathophysiology of Major Depressive Disorder, Bipolar Disorder, and Schizophrenia: A Comparative Review.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Engineering Multiscale Vasculature: Biological Principles, Design Constraints, and Advanced Biofabrication Strategies for Functional Vascular Networks.Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- hiPSC-derived Organoids and Organ-on-chip Systems: New Frontiers in Neural Tube Defect Research.Stem cell reviews and reports · 2026Review
- Versatile Microfluidic System for Creating Recirculating Unidirectional Flow for On-Chip Cultures of Barrier Tissues.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Insights into the Complexities of Pharmacotherapy Parameters in Artificial Intelligence Models for Drug Selection, Precision Personalised Medicine and Optimal Therapeutic Outcomes.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- Digital Light Processing 3D Printing Enables Versatile Fabrication of Human Engineered Heart Tissues.Cell biomaterials · 2026Article
- Leveraging Microphysiological Systems to Facilitate Neutrophil-Based Cancer Immunotherapy.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- Advancing clinical trials for rare renal cell carcinoma subtypes: Consensus statements from the International Kidney Cancer Symposium North America 2025 think tank.Urologic oncology · 2026Article
- Review
691 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The failure of animal models to predict therapeutic responses in humans is a major problem that also brings into question their use for basic research. Organ-on-a-chip (organ chip) microfluidic devices lined with living cells cultured under fluid flow can recapitulate organ-level physiology and pathophysiology with high fidelity. Here, I review how single and multiple human organ chip systems have been used to model complex diseases and rare genetic disorders, to study host-microbiome interactions, to recapitulate whole-body inter-organ physiology and to reproduce human clinical responses to drugs, radiation, toxins and infectious pathogens. I also address the challenges that must be overcome for organ chips to be accepted by the pharmaceutical industry and regulatory agencies, as well as discuss recent advances in the field. It is evident that the use of human organ chips instead of animal models for drug development and as living avatars for personalized medicine is ever closer to realization.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.