ReviewPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)2022
Revolutionization in Cancer Therapeutics via Targeting Major Immune Checkpoints PD-1, PD-L1 and CTLA-4.
Review in Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 60 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
60 citing papers in PubMed, 105 citations in OpenAlex.
- Immunotherapy resistance in colorectal cancer: therapeutic strategies and biomarker-guided approaches.Cancer cell international · 2026Review
- [Biologics and infections: understand and recognize].Dermatologie (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- Molecular origin, discovery, validation and application of neoantigens.Asian journal of pharmaceutical sciences · 2026Review
- VISTA: bridging gaps in cancer immunotherapy.Discover oncology · 2026Review
- The cross-talk between GSK-3β, RKIP, and PTEN as potential targets for therapeutic implications in cancer: a comprehensive insight.Journal of pharmacy & pharmaceutical sciences : a publication of the Canadian Society for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Societe canadienne des sciences pharmaceutiques · 2026Review
- Current Status and Future Prospects of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Research in the Treatment of Multiple Myeloma.Endocrine, metabolic & immune disorders drug targets · 2026Review
- Beyond Structure: The Dynamic Role of the Extracellular Matrix Components in Immune Evasion.Cancer communications (London, England) · 2026Review
- PARP‑1 in liver diseases: Molecular mechanisms, therapeutic potential and emerging clinical applications (Review).Molecular medicine reports · 2025Review
- Clinicopathologic and prognosis of 30 patients with FH-deficient renal cell carcinoma: a single-center retrospective study.BMC cancer · 2025Article
- Combination of radiotherapy and ICIs in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: A systematic review of current evidence and future prospects (Review).Oncology letters · 2025Review
- Monoclonal antibody immune therapy response instrument for stratification and cost-effective personalized approaches in 3PM-guided pan cancer management.The EPMA journal · 2025Review
- Review
- Targeting inflammation in cancer therapy: from mechanistic insights to emerging therapeutic approaches.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Review
- Targeting pyroptosis for cancer immunotherapy: mechanistic insights and clinical perspectives.Molecular cancer · 2025Review
- A Comprehensive Review About the Use of Monoclonal Antibodies in Cancer Therapy.Antibodies (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Immunoinformatics based designing of a multi-epitope cancer vaccine targeting programmed cell death ligand 1.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Correlation between gut microbiota and their metabolites and the efficacy of chemotherapy combined with immunotherapy for extensive-stage small cell lung cancer.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Article
- Recent advancement in the anticancer efficacy of the natural flavonoid scutellarin: a comprehensive review.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Review
- Chimeric switch and inverted cytokine receptors in T cell therapy: reprogramming T cells to overcome immune suppression in the solid tumor microenvironment.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- The Role of Immunotherapy in Lung Cancer Treatment: Current Strategies, Future Directions, and Insights into Metastasis and Immune Microenvironment.Current gene therapy · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Numerous research reports have witnessed dramatic advancements in cancer therapeutic approaches through immunotherapy. Blocking immunological checkpoint pathways (mechanisms employed by malignant cells to disguise themselves as normal human body components) has emerged as a viable strategy for developing anticancer immunity. Through the development of effective immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in multiple carcinomas, advances in cancer immunity have expedited a major breakthrough in cancer therapy. Blocking a variety of ICIs, such as PD-1 (programmed cell death-1), programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) has improved the immune system's efficacy in combating cancer cells. Recent studies also supported the fact that ICIs combined with other potent antitumor candidates, such as angiogenic agents, could be a solid promising chemopreventive therapeutic approach in improving the effectiveness of immune checkpoint inhibitors. Immune checkpoint blockade has aided antiangiogenesis by lowering vascular endothelial growth factor expression and alleviating hypoxia. Our review summarized recent advances and clinical improvements in immune checkpoint blocking tactics, including combinatorial treatment of immunogenic cell death (ICD) inducers with ICIs, which may aid future researchers in creating more effective cancer-fighting strategies.
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Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.