Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35336318›Full record

ArticleSensors (Basel, Switzerland)2022

Spoofing Attacks on FMCW Radars with Low-Cost Backscatter Tags.

Antonio Lazaro, Arnau Porcel, Marc Lazaro, Ramon Villarino, David Girbau

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
16.1field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed, 29 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. A Review on Radar-Based Human Detection Techniques.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024
    Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Antonio LazaroDepartment of Electronics, Electrics and Automatic Control Engineering, Rovira i Virgili University, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.ORCID 0000-0003-3160-5777
Arnau PorcelDepartment of Electronics, Electrics and Automatic Control Engineering, Rovira i Virgili University, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.
Marc LazaroDepartment of Electronics, Electrics and Automatic Control Engineering, Rovira i Virgili University, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-8930-1170
Ramon VillarinoDepartment of Electronics, Electrics and Automatic Control Engineering, Rovira i Virgili University, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.ORCID 0000-0001-9692-8943
David GirbauDepartment of Electronics, Electrics and Automatic Control Engineering, Rovira i Virgili University, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.ORCID 0000-0001-7995-5536
Universitat Rovira i Virgili · ES

Funding

European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) PECT-Cuidem el que ens uneixMinisterio de Ciencia e Innovación, Spain Ministerio de Ciencia e InnovaciónMinisterio de Ciencia e Innovación, Spain PRE2019-08902Rovira i Virgili University, Spain R2B2020
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This work studies the feasibility of using backscatter-modulated tags to introduce false information into a signal received by a frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) radar. A proof-of-concept spoofing device was designed in the 24 GHz ISM band. The spoofing device was based on an amplifier connected between two antennas, and modulation was carried out by switching the amplifier bias. The use of an amplifier allowed us to increase the level of spoofing signal compared with other modulated backscattering methods. The simulated and experimental results show that our method has the ability to generate a pair of false targets at different ranges and velocities depending on the modulation frequency of the chosen tag, since sidebands appear due to this modulation. Countermeasures to detect the spoofing attack based on changes in the slope of the frequency sweep between frames are also proposed.

Indexed as

automotive radarbackscatterFMCWinterferencemm wave radarspoofing

Identifiers

PMID35336318
PMCPMC8950517
OpenAlexW4220799068

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.