ArticleMicroorganisms2022
Variable
Article in Microorganisms, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed.
- Review
- Microbial Growth Curve Framework Provides Insights for Controlling Opportunistic Pathogens in Building Plumbing.ACS ES&T water · 2026Article
- Flushing as a Control Measure forEnvironmental science & technology · 2026Article
- Article
- Active surveillance of multidrug-resistant organism colonization in a tertiary hospital in Northern Greece.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Dynamics of drinking water biofilm formation associated with Legionella spp. colonization.NPJ biofilms and microbiomes · 2024Article
- The impact of stagnation on the microbial quality of constructed water systems after COVID-19 shutdowns.Biologia futura · 2024Article
- Two-year evaluation of Legionella in an aging residential building: Assessment of multiple potable water remediation approaches.The Science of the total environment · 2024Article
- The impact of DNA extraction on the quantification ofMicrobiology spectrum · 2024Article
- Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment Framework Incorporating Water Ages withEnvironmental science & technology · 2024Article
- Four buildings and a flush: Lessons from degraded water quality and recommendations on building water management.Environmental science and ecotechnology · 2024Article
- Editorial: Special Issue: "Microorganisms · 2023Article
- Two-Year Evaluation ofmedRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2023Article
- ControllingMicroorganisms · 2023Article
- Article
- Impact of prolonged hotel closures during the COVID-19 pandemic onFrontiers in microbiology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
When stay-at-home orders were issued to slow the spread of COVID-19, building occupancy (and water demand) was drastically decreased in many buildings. There was concern that widespread low water demand may cause unprecedented Legionella occurrence and Legionnaires’ disease incidence. In lieu of evidenced-based guidance, many people flushed their water systems as a preventative measure, using highly variable practices. Here, we present field-scale research from a building before, during, and after periods of low occupancy, and controlled stagnation experiments. We document no change, a > 4-log increase, and a > 1.5-log decrease of L. pneumophila during 3- to 7-week periods of low water demand. L. pneumophila increased by > 1-log after precautionary flushing prior to reoccupancy, which was repeated in controlled boiler flushing experiments. These results demonstrate that the impact of low water demand (colloquially called stagnation) is not as straight forward as is generally assumed, and that some flushing practices have potential unintended consequences. In particular, stagnation must be considered in context with other Legionella growth factors like temperature and flow profiles. Boiler flushing practices that dramatically increase the flow rate and rapidly deplete boiler temperature may mobilize Legionella present in biofilms and sediment.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.