ArticleNutrients2022
Caffeine Intake and Its Sex-Specific Association with General Anxiety: A Cross-Sectional Analysis among General Population Adults.
Article in Nutrients, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Acute, dose-response effects of guayusa leaf extract on mood, cognitive and motor-cognitive performance, and blood pressure, heart rate, and ventricular repolarization.Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2024Trial
- Trial
- Coffee consumption patterns and sleep quality among Saudi Youth: A cross-sectional study.Sleep medicine: X · 2026Article
- Beverage-Derived Caffeine Intake, Sleep Duration, and Mental Health Among Korean Adults: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of KNHANES 2021-2024.Nutrients · 2026Article
- Coffee and Caffeine in Depression: Symptom-Level Modulation and Challenges in Nutripsychiatric Interpretation.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Relationship between Cryptocurrency Trading, Hopelessness, and Financial Well-Being: A Cross-Sectional Study Among Physicians.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2025Article
- Tauroursodeoxycholic acid mitigates depression-like behavior and hippocampal neuronal damage in a corticosterone model of female mice.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2025Article
- The association of dietary components with depression and anxiety symptoms: findings from a cross-sectional survey.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- Effects of Various Caffeine Doses on Cognitive Abilities in Female Athletes with Low Caffeine Consumption.Brain sciences · 2024Article
- Diet quality and anxiety: a critical overview with focus on the gut microbiome.Frontiers in nutrition · 2024Article
- Gender Differences in the Frequency of Positive and Negative Effects after Acute Caffeine Consumption.Nutrients · 2023Article
- Coffee Consumption Behavior in Young Adults: Exploring Motivations, Frequencies, and Reporting Adverse Effects and Withdrawal Symptoms.Psychology research and behavior management · 2023Article
- Caffeine Consumption, Psychological Distress, and Insomnia in a Cohort of Individuals with Depression.Complex psychiatryArticle
- Demographic Differences in Insomnia and Anxiety and the Association with Cardiovascular Risk Factors among Jordanian Healthy Adult.Iranian journal of nursing and midwifery researchArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
(1) Background: Caffeine is one of the most consumed psychoactive stimulants worldwide. It has been suggested that caffeine intake at large doses can induce anxiety, whereas evidence of the role of low to moderate caffeine intake is scarce and inconsistent. Therefore, we aimed to assess the association between caffeine intake and general anxiety in adults recruited from the general population. (2) Methods: Participants from the French NutriNet-Santé web cohort with data on caffeine intake and general anxiety (assessed during 2013−2016 through the trait subscale of Spielberger’s State-Trait Anxiety Inventory Form Y; STAI-T, sex-specific top quartile = high trait anxiety) were included in this cross-sectional analysis (n = 24,197; 74.1% women; mean age = 53.7 ± 13.9 years). Mean dietary intake was estimated using ≥2 self-reported 24-h dietary records. Sex-specific tertiles of caffeine intake and low/high trait anxiety were calculated. Multivariable logistic regression models were fitted to assess the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for the association between caffeine intake and general anxiety by sex. (3) Results: In the total sample, the mean caffeine intake (mg/day) from all dietary sources combined was 220.6 ± 165.0 (women = 212.4 ± 159.6; men = 243.8 ± 177.7, p < 0.01). Women in the highest tertile of caffeine intake showed significantly higher odds for high trait anxiety compared to those in the lowest tertile (reference), even after adjustment for potential confounders (OR: 1.13; 95% CI: 1.03−1.23). No significant associations were detected among men. Sensitivity analyses according to perceived stress level and sugar intake, respectively, showed similar results. (4) Conclusions: The results suggest that higher caffeine intake is associated with higher odds of general anxiety among women but not among men. Further research is needed to confirm the sex-specific findings and elucidate the potential causal relationship between caffeine intake and anxiety status.
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