ArticleMultiple sclerosis and related disorders2022
Persistently reduced humoral and sustained cellular immune response from first to third SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination in anti-CD20-treated multiple sclerosis patients.
Article in Multiple sclerosis and related disorders, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- De Novo Immune Induction After COVID-19 Vaccination Under B-Cell Depletion Is Characterized by Robust T-Cellular Immunity in Patients With Inflammatory Central Nervous System Disease.Brain and behavior · 2025Article
- Recall vaccination increases detectable B-cell reactivity in persons with multiple sclerosis treated with ocrelizumab.Journal of neurology · 2025Article
- Minimal association between Th1-specific responses to COVID-19 vaccines and SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infections in multiple sclerosis patients receiving disease-modifying therapies.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Article
- Longitudinal study of immunity to SARS-CoV2 in ocrelizumab-treated MS patients up to 2 years after COVID-19 vaccination.Annals of clinical and translational neurology · 2024Article
- Humoral and cellular immune response from first to fourth SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination in anti-CD20-treated multiple sclerosis patients-a longitudinal cohort study.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Profile of Ofatumumab in the Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis: Design, Development and Place in Therapy.Drug design, development and therapy · 2024Review
- Low protection from breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infection and mild disease course in ocrelizumab-treated patients with multiple sclerosis after three mRNA vaccine doses.Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry · 2023Observational
- Long-Term Immune Response Profiles to SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination and Infection in People with Multiple Sclerosis on Anti-CD20 Therapy.Vaccines · 2023Article
- Vaccine-breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infections in people with multiple sclerosis and related conditions: An observational study by the New York COVID-19 Neuro-Immunology Consortium (NYCNIC-2).Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England) · 2023Observational
- T cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination differ by disease-modifying therapy for multiple sclerosis.JCI insight · 2023Article
- Article
- Dynamic Evolution of Humoral and T-Cell Specific Immune Response to COVID-19 mRNA Vaccine in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis Followed until the Booster Dose.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Longitudinal characterisation of B and T-cell immune responses after the booster dose of COVID-19 mRNA-vaccine in people with multiple sclerosis using different disease-modifying therapies.Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry · 2023Article
- Humoral and cellular responses to repeated COVID-19 exposure in multiple sclerosis patients receiving B-cell depleting therapies: a single-center, one-year, prospective study.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Cellular and humoral responses after second and third SARS-CoV-2 vaccinations in patients with autoimmune diseases treated with rituximab: specific T cell immunity remains longer and plays a protective role against SARS-CoV-2 reinfections.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Clinical usefulness of testing for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 antibodies.European journal of internal medicine · 2023Review
- NVX-CoV2373-induced T- and B-cellular immunity in immunosuppressed people with multiple sclerosis that failed to respond to mRNA and viral vector SARS-CoV-2 vaccines.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Microfluidic antibody profiling after repeated SARS-CoV-2 vaccination links antibody affinity and concentration to impaired immunity and variant escape in patients on anti-CD20 therapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Vaccination of multiple sclerosis patients during the COVID-19 era: Novel insights into vaccine safety and immunogenicity.Multiple sclerosis and related disorders · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
15 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo examine humoral and cellular response in multiple sclerosis patients on anti-CD20 therapy after third BNT162b2 mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccination.
methodsA prospective longitudinal study design from first throughout third vaccination in Danish and American MS centers. All participants were treated with ocrelizumab. Antibody (Ab) levels were assessed before and after third vaccination using SARS-CoV-2 IgG II Quant assay (Abbott Laboratories). B- and T-lymphocytes enumeration was done with BD Multitest™6-color TBNK reagent. Spike-specific T-cell responses were measured through PBMC stimulation with spike peptide pools (JPT Peptide Technologies).
resultsWe found that 14.0%, 37.7%, and 33.3% were seropositive after first, second and third vaccination. The median Ab-levels were 74.2 BAU/mL (range: 8.5-2427) after second vaccination, as well as 43.7 BAU/ml (range: 7.8-366.1) and 31.3 BAU/mL (range: 7.9-507.0) before and after third vaccination, respectively. No difference was found in levels after second and third vaccination (p = 0.1475). Seropositivity dropped to 25.0% of participants before the third vaccination, a relative reduction of 33.3% (p = 0.0020). No difference was found between frequencies of spike reactive CD4
conclusionIn this longitudinal cohort we found no significant increased humoral or cellular response with administration of a third SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination. These findings suggest the need for clinical strategies to include allowance of B cell reconstitution before repeat vaccination and/or provision of pre-exposure prophylactic monoclonal antibodies.
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