ArticlePloS one2022
Microbial metabolite butyrate promotes induction of IL-10+IgM+ plasma cells.
Article in PloS one, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 40 citations in OpenAlex.
- Diet and Exercise Interventions in Pediatric Cancer Survivors and Effects on Cardiometabolic Disease Risk and Inflammaging Biomarkers: A Systematic Review.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2026Pooled it
- Dual Actions of Butyrate on Immunoepithelial Remodeling in Ex Vivo Intestinal Biopsies from Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease.Metabolites · 2026Article
- Bifidobacterium-driven immunoglobulin A production in pediatric patients with IgA deficiency and recurrent respiratory tract infections.Microbiome · 2026Article
- Regulatory B Cells at the Crossroads of Epigenetic Control and Immune Homeostasis.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2026Review
- Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and the "Regulatory" B-cell: why fiber diet may reduce relapse in IgA vasculitis.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2026Article
- Microbial short chain fatty acids: Effective histone deacetylase inhibitors in immune regulation (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2026Review
- Gut microbiota reshaping the pancreatic cancer immune microenvironment: new avenues for immunotherapy.Molecular cancer · 2025Review
- Butyrate-Mediated Upregulation of Insulin Pathway Gene Expression Suggests Potential Antidiabetic Effects.Drug development research · 2025Article
- The role of gut microbial metabolites in the T cell lifecycle.Nature immunology · 2025Review
- Gut microbiota and tuberculosis.iMeta · 2025Review
- Modulation of Intestinal Flora: a Novel Immunotherapeutic Approach for Enhancing Thyroid Cancer Treatment.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2025Review
- Partially hydrolyzed guar gum ingestion suppresses atopic dermatitis-like symptoms through prebiotic effect in mice.Journal of clinical biochemistry and nutrition · 2025Article
- Postbiotic Parabacteroides Distasonis Supplementation Enhances Intestinal and Skeletal Muscle Function in Aged Mice.Aging and disease · 2025Article
- Oral Immunisation With Non-GMO Surface Displayed SARS-CoV-2 Spike Epitopes on Bacteria-Like Particles Provokes Robust Humoral and Cellular Immune Responses, and Modulated the Gut Microbiome in Mice.Microbial biotechnology · 2025Article
- Gut-lung axis in allergic asthma: microbiota-driven immune dysregulation and therapeutic strategies.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Review
- Communication between gut microbiota-derived metabolites and the tumor microenvironment.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
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- Article
- The potential of short-chain fatty acid epigenetic regulation in chronic low-grade inflammation and obesity.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Bridging the Gap from Enterotypes to Personalized Dietary Recommendations: A Metabolomics Perspective on Microbiome Research.Metabolites · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The microbially-derived short-chain fatty acid butyrate is a central inhibitor of inflammatory innate and adaptive immune responses. Emerging evidence suggests that butyrate induces differentiation of IL-10-producing (IL-10+) regulatory B cells. However, the underlying mechanisms of butyrate-driven modulation of B cell differentiation are not fully defined. Given the dominant role of regulatory plasma cells (PCs) as the main source of anti-inflammatory cytokines including IL-10 and the observation that butyrate also induces the differentiation of PCs, we here investigated the effect of the microbial metabolite butyrate on the induction of regulatory IL-10+ PCs and underlying mechanisms. Here we show that butyrate induces the differentiation of IL-10+IgM+ PCs. Ex vivo, butyrate, but hardly propionate, another microbially-derived short-chain fatty acid, induced the differentiation of IL-10+IgM+ CD138high PCs from isolated splenic murine B cells. In vivo, administration of butyrate via drinking water or by daily intraperitoneal injection increased the number of IL-10+IgM+ CD138high PCs in the spleens of Ovalbumin (Ova)/complete Freund's adjuvant-immunized mice. The induction of these regulatory PCs was associated with an increase of anti-Ova IgM, but a reduction of anti-Ova class-switched pathogenic IgG2b serum antibodies. Based on the knowledge that butyrate inhibits histone deacetylases (HDACs) thereby increasing histone acetylation, we identified here that HDAC3 inhibition was sufficient to induce PC differentiation and IL-10+ expression. Furthermore, reduced mitochondrial superoxide levels following butyrate treatment and HDAC3 inhibition were necessary for PC differentiation, but not IL-10 expression. In summary, the microbial metabolite butyrate promotes the differentiation of IgM+ PCs and their expression of IL-10. HDAC3 inhibition may be involved as an underlying pathway for both PC differentiation and IL-10 expression, while reduced mitochondrial superoxide levels are crucial only for PC differentiation. The induction of regulatory IL-10+IgM+ PCs and the inhibition of class switching to antigen-specific pathogenic IgG subclasses might represent important pathways of butyrate to limit inflammation.
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